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| 1 | |
Psychodynamic theories are concerned with |
| | A) | what motivates behaviour. |
| | B) | the influence of reinforcers on behaviour. |
| | C) | the physiological factors which produce psychopathology. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following ideas would Freud NOT accept? |
| | A) | Behaviour is influenced by biologically-based drives. |
| | B) | Many impulses and thoughts are unconscious. |
| | C) | Abnormal behaviour results from different processes than normal behaviour. |
| | D) | Clinical case studies can be useful in understanding behaviour. |
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| 3 | |
In Freud's theory, thoughts and feelings which we are unaware of, but which can be brought into conscious awareness, are part of the |
| | A) | conscious. |
| | B) | preconscious. |
| | C) | unconscious. |
| | D) | None of the above |
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| 4 | |
Elaine awoke from a dream. She recalled that in the dream she was walking through a shopping mall without wearing any clothes. This description is what Freud would call |
| | A) | the latent content of the dream. |
| | B) | the manifest content of the dream. |
| | C) | the daily residue of the dream. |
| | D) | an example of secondary process thinking. |
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| 5 | |
In his later writings, Freud talked about self-destructive behaviour, aggression, and even war as explainable by the concept of |
| | A) | Eros. |
| | B) | libido. |
| | C) | unlust. |
| | D) | Thanatos. |
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| 6 | |
Freud says the ego functions based on |
| | A) | primary process thinking. |
| | B) | reflex action. |
| | C) | responding to the constraints of reality. |
| | D) | moral principles. |
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| 7 | |
Alex is very much tempted to cheat on his exam, but he decides not to, even though the professor is not close by and watching carefully. Freud would say that this is an example of the influence of |
| | A) | the id. |
| | B) | the ego. |
| | C) | the superego. |
| | D) | the preconscious. |
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| 8 | |
One characteristic of the Oedipus complex is that |
| | A) | the little boy sees Daddy as a rival for Mummy's love. |
| | B) | the little boy fears Mummy's (female) domination of him. |
| | C) | the little girl sublimates her fear of sexuality. |
| | D) | the little girl overcomes her latent envy of her mother. |
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| 9 | |
Freud would say that Luciano Pavarotti, the great opera singer, may have had a fixation in |
| | A) | the oral stage. |
| | B) | the anal stage. |
| | C) | the phallic stage. |
| | D) | the genital stage. |
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| 10 | |
John threw a temper tantrum when he lost his ’lucky’ pen on the morning of an important job interview. Freud would say that John’s behaviour was based on |
| | A) | repression. |
| | B) | identification. |
| | C) | regression. |
| | D) | reaction formation. |
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| 11 | |
Freud believed that the primary function of defence mechanisms was to |
| | A) | resolve the Oedipal conflict. |
| | B) | enable us to rationalise our actions. |
| | C) | censor dreams. |
| | D) | prevent the ego from experiencing anxiety. |
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| 12 | |
A person who is frustrated at work and therefore drives aggressively on the way home is using the defence mechanism of |
| | A) | regression. |
| | B) | displacement. |
| | C) | sublimation. |
| | D) | rationalisation. |
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| 13 | |
Freud's theory has found support in the idea(s) that |
| | A) | the unconscious mind reflects processes which operate outside subjective awareness. |
| | B) | childhood amnesia really does exist. |
| | C) | many forms of abnormal behaviour have their origins in childhood experiences. |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 14 | |
Jung believed that many human symbols, like Satan or heroes, are archetypes, which are expressions of |
| | A) | the persona. |
| | B) | the ego. |
| | C) | the personal unconscious. |
| | D) | the collective unconscious. |
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| 15 | |
In Carl Jung's theory, the most important goal of development is |
| | A) | avoiding early fixations. |
| | B) | developing a well-rounded persona. |
| | C) | dealing with sexual conflicts. |
| | D) | individuation and the expansion of conscious awareness. |
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| 16 | |
The idea that someone may be motivated by feelings of inferiority was central to the theory of |
| | A) | Sigmund Freud. |
| | B) | Alfred Adler. |
| | C) | Carl Jung. |
| | D) | Erik Erikson. |
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| 17 | |
Jamal believes himself to be a better, smarter, more worthwhile person than others. He seems incapable of seeing his own human flaws. Alfred Adler would say that Jamal |
| | A) | has an inferiority aversion. |
| | B) | has a superiority complex. |
| | C) | has no social interest. |
| | D) | has an exaggerated style of life. |
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| 18 | |
Alan often seems upset and depressed, but when people who care about him ask what they can do to help, his answer is always the same: "Don't worry about it." Horney would say that Alan seems to be moving |
| | A) | against people. |
| | B) | towards people. |
| | C) | away from people. |
| | D) | beside people. |
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| 19 | |
According to Erik Erikson’s theory, developmental stages are distinguished by |
| | A) | the expression of id impulses. |
| | B) | the individual’s cognitive capacities. |
| | C) | the social and personal challenges individuals face. |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 20 | |
Risto is an adolescent. According to Erik Erikson, his main concern at this stage is |
| | A) | to learn to trust the world. |
| | B) | to create an identity. |
| | C) | to make meaning in his life. |
| | D) | to learn self-control. |
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