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| 1 | |
According to DSM-IV, which of the following would be considered a primary criterion for abnormal behaviour? |
| | A) | Acting in a way that violates social norms. |
| | B) | Showing statistically uncommon behaviour. |
| | C) | Behaviour which interferes with adaptive functioning. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 2 | |
Critics have objected to classifying mental disorders, as the DSM-IV does, on the basis that |
| | A) | classification stigmatises individuals by labelling their problem. |
| | B) | many ’disorders‘ are culture-bound patterns of behaviour, not universal disorders. |
| | C) | mental illnesses don't represent real disorders, only social judgements. |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 3 | |
Studies suggest that the most common type of mental disorder is/are |
| | A) | substance-abuse problems. |
| | B) | schizophrenia. |
| | C) | anti-social personality. |
| | D) | phobias. |
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| 4 | |
Early ideas about the causes of mental disorders were heavily influenced by the medical model, which is most closely linked to the ___________ approach. |
| | A) | biological |
| | B) | behaviourist |
| | C) | cognitive |
| | D) | psychodynamic |
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| 5 | |
Norman is suffering from depression; if the therapist favors the biological approach, treatment would likely involve |
| | A) | examining the assumptions Norman makes about the world. |
| | B) | exploring his unconscious conflicts. |
| | C) | providing unconditional positive regard. |
| | D) | prescribing anti-depressant drugs. |
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| 6 | |
The use of systematic desensitisation by Behaviourist therapists is most common for treating |
| | A) | obsessive-compulsive disorder. |
| | B) | phobias. |
| | C) | alcohol abuse. |
| | D) | depression. |
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| 7 | |
According to Albert Ellis, depression is the result of |
| | A) | faulty interpretations of one's experiences and self. |
| | B) | an unhappy childhood. |
| | C) | unconscious conflicts. |
| | D) | an imbalance of emotional areas of the limbic system. |
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| 8 | |
If Mr. Jones is a psychodynamic therapist who favours a Freudian orientation, he will tend to focus on the role of __________ in therapy. |
| | A) | insight |
| | B) | resistance |
| | C) | transference |
| | D) | All of the above |
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| 9 | |
Humanistic therapists tend to |
| | A) | point out maladaptive defence mechanisms. |
| | B) | reassure clients that they are not really ill, just misunderstood. |
| | C) | de-emphasise diagnostic schemes such as DSM. |
| | D) | look for environmental stimuli that reinforce clients maladaptively. |
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| 10 | |
Studies assessing the efficacy of different approaches to therapy indicate that |
| | A) | drugs are always the best treatment. |
| | B) | psychodynamic therapy really doesn't do anything. |
| | C) | humanistic therapy is the most effective for treating phobias. |
| | D) | each type of therapy works sometimes, but no single type of therapy is best for all disorders. |
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| 11 | |
In diagnosing schizophrenia, which of the following would represent a negative symptom? |
| | A) | Delusions. |
| | B) | Thought disturbances. |
| | C) | Flattened emotional expression. |
| | D) | Hallucinations. |
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| 12 | |
The idea that an imbalance of the neurotransmitter dopamine is the cause of schizophrenia is associated with the _________ approach. |
| | A) | psychodynamic |
| | B) | cognitive |
| | C) | biological |
| | D) | behaviourist |
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| 13 | |
The humanist interpretation of schizophrenia tends to ignore |
| | A) | environmental factors. |
| | B) | biological predispositions to schizophrenia. |
| | C) | the role the family and friends play in the client's life. |
| | D) | the client's need for positive regard. |
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| 14 | |
Humanistic psychologists like Rogers would suggest that schizophrenia is the result of |
| | A) | ambivalent attitudes of parents during the child's early years. |
| | B) | a defect of attention. |
| | C) | the impact of unhealthy institutional environments. |
| | D) | extreme conditions of worth which lead to depersonalisation. |
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| 15 | |
Families high in expressed emotion |
| | A) | are more likely to be found in industrialised countries. |
| | B) | show less tolerance of mental illness among family members. |
| | C) | have more rigid conceptions of abnormality. |
| | D) | are all of the above. |
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