The Power of Logic | Table of Contents

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The Power of Logic, 2/e

C. Stephen Layman

1. BASIC CONCEPTS
           Validity and Soundness
           Forms and Counterexamples
           Some "Famous" Forms
           Strength and Cogency
2. IDENTIFYING ARGUMENTS
           Arguments and Nonarguments
           Well-Crafted Arguments
           Notes
           Appendix to Chapter
           2: Argument Diagrams
3. LOGIC AND LANGUAGE /
           Logic, Meaning, and Emotive Force
           Definitions
           Using Definitions to Evaluate Arguments
4. INFORMAL FALLACIES
           Fallacies Involving Irrelevant Premises
           Fallacies Involving Ambiguity
           Fallacies Involving Unwarranted Assumptions
5. GATEGORICAL LOGIC: STATEMENTS
           Standard Forms of Categorical Statements
           The Traditional Square of Opposition
           Further Immediate Inferences
6. GATEGORICAL LOGIC: SYLLOGISMS
           Standard Mood, Form, and Figure
           Venn Diagrams and Categorical Statements
           Venn Diagrams and Categorical Syllogisms
           The Modern Square of Opposition
           Enthymemes
           Sorites and Removing Term Complements
           Rules for Evaluating Syllogisms
7. STATEMENT LOGIC: TRUTH TABLES
           Symbolizing English Arguments
           Truth Tables
           Using Truth Tables to Evaluate Arguments
           Abbreviated Truth Tables
           Tautology, Contradiction, Contingency, and Logical Equivalence
8. STATEMENT LOGIC: PROOFS
           Implicational Rules of Inference
           Five Equivalence Rules
           Five More Equivalence Rules
           Conditional Proof
           Reductio ad Absurdum
           Proving Theorems
9. PREDICATE LOGIC
           Predicates and Quantifiers
           Demonstrating Invalidity
           Constructing Proofs
           Quantifier Negation, RAA, and CP
           The Logic of Relations: Symbolizations
           The Logic of Relations: Proofs
           Identity: Symbolizations
           Identity: Proofs
10. INDUCTION
           Inductive and Deductive Logic: Contrasts and Clarifications (Statistical Syllogisms)
           Arguments from Authority and Induction by Enumeration
           Mill’s Methods and Scientific Reasoning
           Arguments from Analogy
11. PROBABILITY
           Three Theories of Probability
           The Rules of Probability
           Bayes’ Theorem

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