Chapter Summary

Chapter 10: Induction

10.1 Contrasts inductive and deductive logic. Reviews the concepts of strong argument, weak argument, cogent argument, and uncogent argument. Introduces statistical syllogisms.

10.2 Introduces arguments from authority and induction by enumeration. The discussion of induction by enumeration includes a brief discussion of biased samples and appropriate sample size.

10.3 Introduces Mill's Methods for assessing arguments supporting conclusions of the form, "A causes B": the method of agreement, the method of difference, the joint method, the method of concomitant variation, and the method of residues. Also provides a brief discussion of scientific reasoning, including criteria used to evaluate hypotheses.

10.4 Introduces arguments from analogy and specifies three key questions to be used in evaluating the strength of such arguments.