| ampulla | The widened part of the fallopian tube or the vas deferens.
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| androgen | Any of the male hormones, including testosterone.
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| circumcision | The surgical removal of the foreskin, which covers the glans penis.
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| corona | The rim of tissue between the glans and the penile shaft.
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| corpora cavernosa | The hollow chambers in the shaft of the clitoris or penis that fill with blood and swell during arousal.
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| corpus spongiosum | A column of erectile tissue within the penis enclosing the urethra.
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| Cowper's gland or bulbourethral gland | One of two small structures below the prostate gland that secrete a clear mucus into the urethra prior to ejaculation.
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| crura (singular, crus) | The internal branches of the clitoral or penile shaft.
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| ejaculation | The process by which semen is forcefully expelled from the penis.
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| ejaculatory duct | One of two structures within the prostate gland connecting with the vasa deferentia.
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| ejaculatory inevitability | The point at which ejaculation must occur.
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| emission | The first stage of ejaculation, in which sperm and semen are propelled into the urethral bulb.
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| epididymis | The coiled tube, formed by the merging of the seminiferous tubules, where sperm mature.
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| erection | The process of the penis becoming rigid through vasocongestion; an erect penis.
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| expulsion | The second stage of ejaculation, characterized by rapid, rhythmic contraction of the urethra, prostate, and muscles at the base of the penis, causing semen to spurt from the urethral opening.
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| foreskin or prepuce | The portion of the sleevelike skin covering the shaft of the penis that extends over the glans penis.
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| frenulum | The triangular area of sensitive skin on the underside of the penis, attaching the glans to the foreskin.
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| glans penis | The head of the penile shaft.
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| gynecomastia | Swelling or enlargement of the male breast.
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| Leydig cell | Cell within the testes that secretes androgens. Also known as an interstitial cell.
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| penis | The male organ through which semen and urine pass.
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| prostate gland | A muscular gland encircling the urethra that produces about one-third of the seminal fluid.
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| refractory period | For men, a period following orgasm during which they are not capable of having an orgasm again.
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| retrograde ejaculation | The backward expulsion of semen into the bladder rather than out of the urethral opening.
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| root | The portion of the penis attached to the pelvic cavity.
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| scrotum | A pouch of skin that holds the two testicles.
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| secondary sex characteristics | The physical changes that occur as a result of increased amounts of hormones targeting other areas of the body.
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| semen or seminal fluid | The ejaculated fluid containing sperm. Also known as seminal fluid.
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| seminal vesicle | One of two glands at the back of the bladder that secrete about 60% of the seminal fluid.
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| seminiferous tubule | Tiny, tightly compressed tubes in which spermatogenesis takes place.
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| shaft | The body of the penis.
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| smegma | A cheesy substance produced by several small glands beneath the foreskin of the penis and hood of the clitoris.
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| sperm | The male gamete. Also known as a spermatozoon.
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| spermatic cord | A tube suspending the testicle within the scrotal sac, containing nerves, blood vessels, and a vas deferens.
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| spermatogenesis | The process by which a sperm develops from a spermatid.
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| testicle or testis (plural, testes) | One of the paired male gonads inside the scrotum.
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| testosterone | A steroid hormone associated with sperm production, the development of secondary sex characteristics in males, and the sex drive in both males and females.
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| urethra | The tube through which urine (and in men, semen) passes.
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| urethral bulb | The expanded portion of the urethra at the bladder.
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| vas deferens (plural, vasa deferentia) | One of two tubes that transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct within the prostate gland.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education