| bipedal anatomy | a set of anatomical adaptations that make it possible for an animal to use two legs for locomotion
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| bipedality | use of two legs rather than four for locomotion
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| hominid | member of the family Hominidae
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| hominine | member of the subfamily Homininae, which includes the African apes and humans
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| Piltdown Man | fossil find considered an important link in human evolution until it was shown to be a fake in 1953
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| Pliocene | epoch that occurred between 5.0 and 1.8 mya
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| Plio-Pleistocene | boundary between the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, about 1.8 mya
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| pongid | member of the family Pongidae (not used by the author of this book)
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| prognathism | condition in which the jaw projects beyond the upper parts of the face
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| sectorial premolar | lower premolar that exhibits lateral (side-to-side) compression due to its role as a shearing surface for the upper canine tooth
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| shearing complex | condition in which the lower first premolar is somewhat sharpened or flattened from rubbing against the upper canine as the mouth closes
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| tribe | taxonomic classification placed below subfamily and above genus
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