Multiple Choice

Please answer all questions


1	An important evolutionary shift that marks the origin of the anthropoids is:
		A)	bipedal locomotion
		B)	a large brain
		C)	a diurnal lifestyle
		D)	a prehensile tail


2	What is the current theory on the evolution of the primates in the Western Hemisphere?
		A)	early New World prosimians moved into Central and South America when those areas were joined with North America
		B)	primate evolution took place separately in the Old and New Worlds
		C)	early monkeys from the Old World rafted over to the Americas on floating logs and branches
		D)	all the above


3	Where do most prosimians now live?
		A)	Africa
		B)	Madagascar
		C)	South America
		D)	North America


4	The ancestors to modern lemurs and lorises are the:
		A)	Omomyidae
		B)	Adapidae
		C)	Eosimiidae
		D)	Cercopithecidae


5	The ancestors to tarsiers and anthropoids are the:
		A)	Omomyidae
		B)	Adapidae
		C)	Eosimiidae
		D)	Cercopithecidae


6	Prosimians were pushed into marginal areas by:
		A)	anthropoid primates
		B)	dinosaurs
		C)	monkeys
		D)	Homo sapiens


7	When do apes appear in the fossil record?
		A)	about 65 mya
		B)	about 23 mya
		C)	about 10 mya
		D)	about 5 mya


8	The Y-5 cusp pattern is found in:
		A)	ungulates
		B)	prosimians
		C)	hominoids
		D)	marsupials


9	The biggest primate ever found is called:
		A)	Humongopithecus
		B)	Supersizopithecus
		C)	Enormopithecus
		D)	Gigantopithecus


10	The clearest indicator on a skull that the animal was bipedal is the:
		A)	location of the foramen magnum
		B)	slope of the forehead
		C)	shape of the chin
		D)	evidence of Y-5 cusp teeth


11	The difference between a hominid and a hominoid is:
		A)	hominids include humans, their ancestors, and apes
		B)	hominids are quadrupedal while hominoids are bipedal
		C)	hominoids lack Y-5 cusps while hominids have them
		D)	all the above


12	Which genera belong to the family Hominidae
		A)	Australopithecus
		B)	Paranthropus
		C)	Homo
		D)	all the above


13	Lucy belongs to which species?
		A)	Australopithecus bahrelghazalia
		B)	Paranthropus aethiopicus
		C)	Australopithecus afarensis
		D)	Ardipithecus ramidus


14	The brain capacity of A. afarensis approximates that of:
		A)	chimpanzees
		B)	Homo sapiens
		C)	gorillas
		D)	lemurs


15	Prognathism is:
		A)	the outline of the braincase
		B)	the point of attachment of the spinal column
		C)	the ridge of bone along the top of the skull
		D)	the jutting forward of the lower face and jaw area


16	What was the first hominid trait to evolve?
		A)	large brains
		B)	bipedalism
		C)	language
		D)	absence of hair


17	Which is not a model regarding the emergence of bipedalism?
		A)	foraging/harvesting model
		B)	energy efficiency model
		C)	heat dissipation model
		D)	river crossing model


18	The hominid line emerged around:
		A)	4 mya
		B)	8 mya
		C)	10 mya
		D)	15 mya


19	The size and shape of Australopithecus teeth indicate a diet consisting mostly of:
		A)	meat and leaves
		B)	grasses and meat
		C)	fruits and leaves
		D)	tubers and nuts


20	The 'robusticity' of the genus Paranthropus describes the:
		A)	size of the brain relative to Australopithecus
		B)	size of the body relative to Australopithecus
		C)	features involved with chewing
		D)	features involved with mating


21	The genus Homo appeared around:
		A)	2.5 mya
		B)	3 mya
		C)	4.5 mya
		D)	6 mya


22	When one species out-competes others for the resources of a particular area it is called:
		A)	rival disbursement
		B)	adversarial eviction
		C)	marginality
		D)	competitive exclusion


23	The earlies known stone tools are referred to as:
		A)	flake tools
		B)	Oldowan tools
		C)	core tools
		D)	rudimentary tools


24	Homo habilis/rudolfensis are associated with:
		A)	pronounced prognathism
		B)	a diet of tough vegetables
		C)	distinct sagital crest
		D)	stone tools


25	What adaptive theme set the stage for further hominid evolution?
		A)	bipedalism
		B)	large brains
		C)	social organization
		D)	all the above


26	Aegyptopithecus shows:
		A)	omomyidae traits
		B)	adapidae traits
		C)	anthropoid traits
		D)	prosimian traits


27	Most Old World anthropoid fossils have been found in:
		A)	Madagascar
		B)	Egypt
		C)	Peru
		D)	Peking


28	There is evidence to suggest that the first members of genus Homo were:
		A)	scavengers
		B)	hunters
		C)	nocturnal
		D)	arboreal


29	The 'Black Skull' is included in which species:
		A)	P. aethiopicus
		B)	A. afarensis
		C)	H. habilis
		D)	A. ramidus


30	The early members of Homo probably used stone tools for:
		A)	hunting
		B)	gardening
		C)	butchering
		D)	grooming

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