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Chapter 2 reviews molecular and Mendelian genetics as applied to humans. This chapter provides genetic background that is necessary for understanding evolution, including a basic review of cell biology.
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1. You should understand the basis of molecular genetics including the properties and functions of DNA and RNA, chromosomes, and genes. You should understand the processes of cell replication and division through mitosis and meiosis. |
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2. You should understand the mechanisms of genetic inheritance described by Mendelian genetics, including definitions for alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes. You should be able to explain how dominant, recessive, and codominant alleles affect phenotype, and predict probable distributions of alleles in offspring when given the parental genotypes. |
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3. You should know the definition of mutation, the mechanisms by which it occurs, and the role it plays in the evolutionary process. |
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4. You should be able to describe the debate over the relationship between genetics and behavior, and understand the complex interplay of genetic, environmental and behavioral variation. |