Please select the best answer for each question.
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1 | |
An example of a relative dating method is |
| | A) | carbon-14 dating |
| | B) | stratigraphy |
| | C) | potassium-argon dating |
| | D) | dendrochronology |
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2 | |
The study of processes acting on plants and animals after they die is known as |
| | A) | paleoecology |
| | B) | palynology |
| | C) | taphonomy |
| | D) | dendrochronology |
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3 | |
The tree shrew is a modern mammal that is arboreal, nocturnal, and eats insects. It is descended from a group known as insectivores that was possibly a close ancestor of |
| | A) | humans |
| | B) | apes |
| | C) | reptiles |
| | D) | primates |
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4 | |
Fossils of primate-like mammals from 55 million years ago have been found in both North America and Europe. This widespread distribution is best explained by |
| | A) | continental drift |
| | B) | rafting of mammals |
| | C) | parallel evolution |
| | D) | mutation |
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5 | |
Primate-like mammals are considered relatives of primate ancestors because of their |
| | A) | lack of a postorbital bar |
| | B) | eyes are located on the sides of the skull |
| | C) | grasping tendency |
| | D) | claws |
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6 | |
Two groups of primitive primates arose during the Eocene. They had features that are considered to be generally similar to some living groups. The primitive diurnal leaf eaters are similar to modern ___________ and the primitive nocturnal fruit eaters are similar to modern ___________. |
| | A) | anthropoids, hominoids |
| | B) | prosimians, primates |
| | C) | lemurs/lorises, tarsiers |
| | D) | hominoids, hominids |
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7 | |
The arboreal model for primate evolution states that grasping hands evolved as an adaptation to |
| | A) | hunting insects |
| | B) | living in trees |
| | C) | eating fruit |
| | D) | b and c |
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8 | |
The reduced snout in Oligocene anthropoids represents |
| | A) | reduced reliance on smell |
| | B) | increased reliance on vision |
| | C) | increased reliance on smell |
| | D) | a and b |
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9 | |
The hypothesis of parallel evolution of Old World and New World monkeys is not likely because |
| | A) | scientists have found rafts used by monkeys to get from Africa to South America |
| | B) | Old and New World monkeys are too different |
| | C) | Old and New World monkeys are too similar |
| | D) | a and b |
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10 | |
During the Miocene epoch, there were many more species of apes than species of monkeys. Today the reverse is true. What is a possible reason for the decline in ape diversity over time? |
| | A) | Apes have a slow reproduction rate |
| | B) | Apes are more subject to natural selection pressures than monkeys |
| | C) | Apes are more severely affected by environmental changes |
| | D) | a and c |
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11 | |
An example of a Miocene hominoid whose derived features disqualify it from being an ancestor of any modern hominoid is |
| | A) | Proconsul |
| | B) | Gigantopithecus |
| | C) | Sivapithecus |
| | D) | Afropithecus |
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12 | |
The groups Kenyapithecus, Ouranopithecus, and Dryopithecus are representative of hominoids that most likely contained |
| | A) | the common ancestor of African apes and hominids |
| | B) | the first hominid (human) ancestor |
| | C) | the ancestor of orangutans, after divergence from other apes |
| | D) | the ancestor of chimpanzees, after divergence from humans |
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13 | |
According to the molecular dating method, if species A and B are genetically one-tenth as different from each other as they are from species C, and A and B split from each other 10 million years ago, then C split from the ancestor of A and B _______ million years ago. |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 10 |
| | C) | 100 |
| | D) | None of the above |
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14 | |
The chronology accepted by many scientists states that the gorilla line split from the hominid, bonobo, and chimpanzee lines |
| | A) | 16-12 million years ago |
| | B) | 8-6 million years ago |
| | C) | 6-5 million years ago |
| | D) | 2.5 million years ago |
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15 | |
During the early Miocene, the first hominoids were primitive and represent a link between |
| | A) | monkeys and apes |
| | B) | apes and hominids |
| | C) | African apes and Asian apes |
| | D) | derived monkeys and derived apes |
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