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The Aims of Argument: A Text and Reader, 4/e
Timothy Crusius, Southern Methodist University
Carolyn Channell, Southern Methodist University


Additional Links

Chapter 1: Understanding Argument

A Glossary of Rhetorical Terms with Examples
(http://www.uky.edu/ArtsSciences/Classics/rhetoric.html)

A site devoted to the definition of classical rhetorical terms, complete with examples.
Effective Academic Writing: The Argument
(http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/argument.html)

Useful general information defining argument and explaining how to write an argumentative essay.
Rhetoric
(http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/rhetoric.html)

Full-text of Aristotle's Rhetoric.
http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/living/columnists/leonard_pitts/
(http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/living/columnists/leonard_pitts/)

Additional work by Leonard Pitts (author of "You also have the right to tell a bigot what you think" on page 5 of the text) from his home paper, The Miami Herald.
http://www.who2.com/leonardpittsjr.html
(http://www.who2.com/leonardpittsjr.html)

A biography of Leonard Pitts.
Peitho in Myth
(http://www.loggia.com/myth/peitho.html)

More about the myth of Peitho, Goddess of Persuasion (page 6 of the text).
Chapter 2: Reading an Argument

How the Language Really Works: The Fundamentals of Critical Reading and Effective Writing
(http://www.critical-reading.com/)

Professor and author Dan Kurland's strategies for critical reading and writing.
Critical Reading Towards Critical Writing
(http://www.utoronto.ca/writing/critrdg.html#3)

Professor Deborah Knotts' of The University of Toronto tips for critical reading.
Analyzing an Argument
(http://www.merced.cc.ca.us/pirov/arg1.htm)

Several helpful checklists for dissecting a written argument.
Evaluations and Critiques
(http://courses.lib.odu.edu/engl/emcavoy/anevcrit.htm)

Tips on evaluating an argument from Eugene McAvoy at Old Dominion University.
Chapter 3: Analyzing Argument

The Toulmin Project Home Page
(http://www.unl.edu/speech/comm109/Toulmin/)

A University of Nebraska site dedicated to examining the theory of Stephen Toulmin:
Stephen Toulmin
(http://www.lcc.gatech.edu/gallery/rhetoric/figures/toulmin.html)

A short biography of Stephen Toulmin from Georgia Tech.
Overview: The Toulmin Method
(http://writing.colostate.edu/references/reading/toulmin/)

An overview of the Toulmin method of argument from Colorado State University.
Arguments and their Evaluation
(http://www.unco.edu/philosophy/arg.html)

The University of Northern Colorado's site on defining and evaluating an argument.
The Logical Fallacies
(http://www.intrepidsoftware.com/fallacy/toc.htm)

Stephen Downes' guide to logical fallacies, which includes definitions and examples of many well-known and obscure logical fallacies.
The Fallacy Files
(http://gncurtis.home.texas.net/index.html)

A collection of fallacies from philosopher Gary Curtis.
Chapter 4: Reading and Writing about Visual Arguments

Daryl Cagle's Professional Cartoonists Index
(http://cagle.slate.msn.com/)

A collection of prominent editorial cartoonists across the nation.
Editorial Cartoons
(http://www.dilbert.com/editoons/)

A new editorial cartoon posted every day.
Public Art Web Links
(http://www.shu.ac.uk/services/lc/slidecol/weblinx.html)

A public art research archive.
National Parks Service
(http://www.nps.gov/nama/)

A site dedicated to the National Mall in Washington, DC, home to some of the most famous public sculpture in the US, including the Vietnam War Memorial, the Lincoln Memorial, and the Washington Monument.
Capture the Moment
(http://www.newseum.org/pulitzer/)

Pulitzer Prize winning news photographs collected by the Newseum.
New York Times News Service Photos and Graphics
(http://www.nytimages.com/)

Includes the daily news in images.
NOAA
(http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/)

Free environmental photo downloads from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
Cities/Buildings Database
(http://www.washington.edu/ark2/)

A collection of digitized images of buildings and cities from across time and across the world.
Charts and Tables
(http://www.bartleby.com/61/chartindex.html)

Useful list of tables from the American Heritage Dictionary.
Free Graphics
(http://www.freegraphics.com/)

Links to free graphics, clip art, fonts, photos, and animations.
Chapter 5: Writing Research-Based Arguments

Plagiarism: What It Is and how to Recognize and Avoid It
(http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/plagiarism.html)

A great online discussion of plagiarism by the University of Indiana.
Documents in the News: Current Events Research
(http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/docnewsnew.html)

A site from the University of Michigan archiving important government-related news stories by subject.
Survey Research
(http://trochim.human.cornell.edu/kb/survey.htm)

Cornell University's site on preparing and conducting a survey.
Library of Congress Subject Guide to Internet Resources
(http://lcweb.loc.gov/global/subject.html)

Voice of the Shuttle General Humanities Page
(http://vos.ucsb.edu/index.asp)

Site dedicated to research in the humanities.
World Wide Web Virtual Library
(http://www.vlib.org/)

Tile.net
(http://www.tile.net)

Searchable list of newsgroups and listservs.
Evaluating Sources of Information
(http://owl.english.purdue.edu/workshops/hypertext/EvalSrcW/)

Helpful hints for evaluating print and electronic sources from the Purdue OWL.
MLA
(http://www.mla.org)

Guide to using MLA documentation style.
APA Style
(http://www.apastyle.org)

Guide to using APA documentation style.
Current Events-Online Newspapers and Magazines:

The New York Times
(http://www.nytimes.com)

Los Angeles Times
(http://www.latimes.com)

Wall Street Journal
(http://www.wsj.com)

Washington Post
(http://www.washingtonpost.com)

Chicago Tribune
(http://www.chicagotribune.com)

Boston Globe
(http://www.boston.com/globe/)

Christian Science Monitor
(http://www.csmonitor.com)

USA Today
(http://www.usatoday.com)

Time
(http://www.time.com)

Newsweek
(http://www.newsweek.com)

U.S. News & World Report
(http://www.usnews.com)

Harper's
(http://www.harpers.org)

Atlantic Monthly
(http://www.theatlantic.com)

New Republic
(http://www.tnr.com)

National Review
(http://www.nationalreview.com)

Utne Reader
(http://www.utne.com)

Search Engines:

Google
(http://www.google.com)

AllTheWeb
(http://www.alltheweb.com)

Altavista
(http://www.altavista.com)

Excite
(http://www.excite.com)

Yahoo
(http://www.yahoo.com)

HotBot
(http://www.hotbot.lycos.com)

NorthernLight
(http://www.nothernlight.com)

Metasearch engines:

Ixquick
(http://www.ixquick.com)

MetaCrawler
(http://www.metacrawler.com)

Dogpile
(http://www.dogpile.com)

Chapter 6: Looking for Some Truth: Arguing to Inquire

Communitarian Dialogue
(http://www.gwu.edu/~ccps/immtrans.html)

A sample dialogue on the topic "Immigration after Sept. 11" from the Communitarian Institute at George Washington University.
Rediscovering Civility
(http://www.pbs.org/newshour/gergen/sandel.html)

A sample dialogue broadcast by PBS on democracy.
Opposing Viewpoints
(http://www.csulb.edu/library/subj/opposing/)

A site from the University of California-Long Beach dedicated to debate topics and pro/con examinations of current issues.
Chapter 7: Making Your Case: Arguing to Convince

How to Write a Thesis Statement
(http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/thesis.html)

From the University of Indiana.
How to Use Evidence
(http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/wts/evidence.html)

From the University of Indiana.
Introductions and Conclusions
(http://www.asu.edu/duas/wcenter/introconc.html)

Site from the Arizona State University Writing Center on writing effective introductions and conclusions.
Analyzing the Context of an Argument
(http://writing.colostate.edu/references/documents/argument/pop3b.cfm)

From Colorado State University.
Revising for Audience
(http://writing.colostate.edu/references/documents/argument/pop4b.cfm)

From Colorado State University.
Revising
(http://uwc.tamu.edu/handouts/revising.html)

The Texas A&M Writing Center's helpful checklist for revising a paper.
Chapter 8: Motivating Action: Arguing to Persuade

Reason
(http://www.powa.org/argument.htm#Reason)

How to use an appeal to reason in argument (with exercises).
Ethics
(http://www.powa.org/argument.htm#Ethics)

How to use an appeal to character in argument (with exercises).
Emotion
(http://www.powa.org/argument.htm#Emotion)

How to use an appeal to emotion in argument (with exercises).
Rhetoric, Logos, Pathos, and Ethos
(http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/workshop7.html)

Discussion of logos, pathos, and ethos from the Milliken University writing center. Includes an additional sample analysis of King's "Letter from Birmingham Jail".
Chapter 9: Resolving Conflict: Arguing to Negotiate and Mediate

Conflict Research Consortium
(http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/#Consortium)

Site for the Conflict Research Consortium from the University of Colorado, a program focused on finding constructive ways of addressing difficult, long-term conflicts.
Association for Conflict Resolution
(http://www.acresolution.org/)

Site for the Association for Conflict Resolution, a professional organization dedicated to enhancing the practice and public understanding of conflict resolution:
Chapter 10: Casebook on 9/11/01 and After: Coping with Terrorism

The following online readings provide information examining some of the many issues that arose from the attacks on 9/11/01. They are written from both liberal and conservative viewpoints, and exemplify many different points of view.



"Understanding the War on Terrorism"
(http://www.commondreams.org/views01/1015-03.htm)

"One War, Two Fronts"
(http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/02/opinion/02FRIE.html)

"The Oppressive World We May Unwittingly Create"
(http://www.commondreams.org/views01/1101-05.htm)

"Free Speech Doesn't Come Without Cost"
(http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=95001420)

"Pacifism isn't Just Wrong, it's Immoral"
(http://www.townhall.com/columnists/donfeder/df20011107.shtml)

"The Algebra of Infinite Justice"
(http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4266289,00.html)

Chapter 11: Casebook on Marriage and Family: Responding to a Changing Institution

The following online readings examine some of the many contemporary issues surrounding love, marriage, and family life in the U.S.



"The Marriage Hoax"
(http://archive.salon.com/books/feature/2001/03/19/divorce/)

"Can the Government Prevent Divorce?"
(http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/97oct/divorce.htm)

"Changing the Shape of the American Family"
(http://www.usatoday.com/life/health/family/lhfam021.htm)

"Unraveling the Complexities of the Changing American Family"
(http://www.bgsu.edu/offices/spar/Researchweb/webpubpages/cohabitpage.htm)

"The Quirkyalone"
(http://www.utne.com/bSociety.tmpl?command=search&db=dArticle.db&eqheadlinedata=Quirkyalone)

"The L-Word: Love as Taboo"
(http://www.city-journal.org/html/5_2_a1.html)

Chapter 12: Feminism: Evaluating the Effects of Gender Roles

The following online readings examine some of the important issues surrounding feminism and gender studies.



"What is Feminism"
(http://www.accessatlanta.com/ajc/opinion/woman/0602/21.html)

"Is Feminism a Four-Letter word?"
(http://www.msmagazine.com/feb01/feminism.html)

"Recapturing Motherhood"
(http://www.pbs.org/newshour/gergen/january97/roiphe_1-22.html)

transcript of interview
"Naomi Wolf answers your Questions"
(http://www.guardian.co.uk/Netgravity/popup5/0,,,00.html?IFRHEIGHT="200"?IFRWIDTH="200"?IF... )

interview with Naomi Wolf, author of "The Beauty Myth"
Chapter 13: Gay and Lesbian Rights: Responding to Homophobia

The following online readings address some of the major issues surrounding gay and lesbian rights.



"The Last Acceptable Prejudice"
(http://dir.salon.com/sex/feature/2000/08/16/byrne_fone/index.html)

"Homosexuality and Biology"
(http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/97jun/burr2.htm)

"Pentagon Fends off Criticism of It's Policy on Gays"
(http://www.gaymilitary.ucsb.edu/ResearchResources/PressClips/news12_9_99d.htm)

"The Marrying Kind"
(http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/2002/05/rauch.htm)

"Gay Marriage in the Methodist Church"
(http://archive.salon.com/mwt/hot/1999/07/29/fado/)

Chapter 14: The News and Ethics: Reading Journalism Today

Online readings and sites devoted to the continuing debate about ethics in the media.



Journal of Media Ethics
(http://jmme.byu.edu/)

Ethics in Journalism
(http://www.spj.org/ethics.asp)

Society of Professional Journalists' code of ethics.
Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting
(http://www.fair.org/)

Journalism Ethics Cases Online
(http://www.journalism.indiana.edu/Ethics/)

"Texas Seven Interview Provides Case Study in Media Ethics"
(http://www2.drury.edu/rtvj/PDF%20files/March01.Static.pdf)

"The Ethics of Civic Journalism: Independence as the Guide"
(http://www.poynter.org/research/me/me_civic.htm)

Chapter 15: Liberal Education and Contemporary Culture: What Should Undergraduates Learn?

"Democracy, Leadership, and the Role of Liberal Education"
(http://www.aacu-edu.org/liberaleducation/le-wi02feature.cfm)

"The Precarious Place of Liberal Education in the New Millennium"
(http://www.ocufa.on.ca/forum/fall99/axelrod.asp)

"The Myth about Liberal Arts Graduates"
(http://www.wfu.edu/Student-Services/Student-Life/career/myths.htm)

"The Deceptive Discourse"
(http://www.ecclectica.ca/issues/2002/1/mcleod.asp)

"Liberal Arts Posse"
(http://www.aale.org/harvmag93.htm)

"The Irascible Professor: Irreverent Commentary on the State of Education in America Toda...
(http://irascibleprofessor.com/)

Chapter 16: Race and Class: Examining Social Inequality

"Fighting Racism Online"
(http://archive.salon.com/politics2000/feature/2000/04/24/digital/)

"Do the Right Thing"
(http://archive.salon.com/mwt/tisd/1998/01/22tisd.html)

"Preventing Discrimination and Promoting Diversity"
(http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/idaa/ahawkins.html)

"The New Face of America: On the Backs of Blacks"
(http://pathfinder.com/time/community/morrisonessay.html)