| activation energy | the energy needed to enable a chemical reaction to take place (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 285 in your textbook.)
|
 |
|
|
| aging | the changes that bring about the decline of an organism (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 229 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| air mass | a body of air with a certain temperature and with a certain moisture content (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 359 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| air pressure | the weight of the atmosphere (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 359 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| air resistance | friction caused by air (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 303 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| alpha particle | a radioactive particle made up of two protons and two neutrons bound tightly together (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 324 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| alternating current | a current in which the electrons flow first in one direction and then in the opposite direction (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 316 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| amino acids | the building blocks of proteins (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| amniocentesis | a procedure that is used to examine fetal cells to identify certain types of genetic disorders present in a fetus (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 249 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| amniotic egg | a covering that protects and nourishes a developing embryo (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 194 in your textbook.)
|
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|
|
| asexual reproduction | a method of reproduction in which an organism is produced from a single cell (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 180 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| assumption | a belief that something is true without checking its validity (CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 71 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| asteroid | any of the very small celestial bodies that orbit the Sun, mainly between Mars and Jupiter (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 371 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| astronomy | the study of all celestial bodies in the universe (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 369 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| atmosphere | the blanket of air that surrounds Earth (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 353 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| atom | the smallest particle of an element that can exist alone
(See page 258 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| atomic mass | the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 261 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| atomic number | the number of protons in an atom (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 261 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| ATP | a compound in which energy is stored for later use in a cell (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| axis | the imaginary line running through Earth’s center from the North Pole to the South Pole on which the planet rotates
(See page 356 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| axon | a long fiber in a nerve cell through which a nerve impulse is sent (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 226 in your textbook.)
|
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|
|
| backbone | a segmented column of bones (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 192 in your textbook.)
|
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|
|
| barometric pressure | see air pressure
(See page 359 in your textbook.)
|
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|
|
| behavior | an organism’s actions or reactions to its environment (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 200 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| beta particle | an electron emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 324 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| big bang theory | the idea that the universe began with an explosion of a dense, hot, compact mass under extreme pressure (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 381 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| binary fission | a method of reproduction in which a cell simply divides into two new cells (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 176 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| biodegradable | organic materials that naturally decompose (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 132 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| biodiversity | a healthy variety of plant and animal species coexisting in an environment and making the environment more stable (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 122 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| biogenesis | the principle that living things only come from other living things (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 159 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| biological clock | an internal control of natural behavioral cycles (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 200 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| biological process | a fundamental property that is common to all living organisms (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 38 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| biology | the study of all living things (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 159 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| black hole | the collapsed leftovers of a supernova (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 375 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| blue star | a massive, hot star that uses up its hydrogen quickly, expands, and turns into a giant or supergiant (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 375 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| boiling | the process by which a liquid changes to a gas (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 277 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| botany | the study of plants (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 160 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| bud | the part of a plant where new growth takes place (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 183 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| calorie | a measure of food energy (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 233 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| camouflage | a coloring pattern that enables an animal to blend into its surroundings and not be seen by predators (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 201 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| carbohydrate | the main source of food energy (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 233 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cartilage | a tough, flexible material that covers bones and joints (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 192 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| catalyst | a substance that provides a faster mechanism by which a reaction may take place (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 284 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cause | an action or condition that has a result associated with it (CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 73 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cell | the basic unit of life (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 163 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cell membrane | the soft, flexible covering that holds a cell together and separates it from other cells (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 165 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cell specialization | the process in which the cells of an organism develop in different shapes, structures, and functions (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cell wall | a tough, flexible covering that surrounds the cell membrane of a plant cell (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 165 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chain reaction | a reaction in which nuclei are split apart in a controlled way, resulting in a great quantity of nuclear energy
(See page 327 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chemical bonding | the process through which atoms are combined (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 269 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chemical change | a change that produces a new substance (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 279 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chemical equation | a shorthand way of describing what happens in a chemical reaction (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 283 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chemical formula | a shorthand way of showing which elements are contained in a molecule (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 267 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chemical reaction | the process in which two or more substances combine to form one or more new substances (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 283 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chemical weathering | the softening and crumbling of rock brought about by chemical changes (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 361 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chlorophyll | the green substance in a plant cell that is used to capture light energy (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 165 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chloroplast | an organelle in a plant that contains chlorophyll (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 165 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chromatin | genetic material in the nucleus of a cell (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 165 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| chromosome | a group of genes that carries genetic information for various traits (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 171 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| circadian clock | a biological clock that controls daily activity (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 200 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cloning | the process of creating a genetically identical replica of an organism
(See page 106 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| closed universe | the theory that the universe at some future time will begin to contract and eventually collapse into its original state as a solar nebula (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 381 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cold-blooded | a classification of an organism that cannot control its own internal body temperature (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 192 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| comet | a small object made of dust and frozen gas that orbits in a predictable path around the Sun (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 371 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| complete metamorphosis | a type of metamorphosis that takes place in four stages (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 190 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| composting | the use of natural biological processes to aid in the decomposition of organic materials (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 130 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| compound | a group of molecules that each contain the atoms of two or more elements (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 267 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| condensing | the process by which a gas becomes a liquid (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 277 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| conductor | a material in which electrons can be made to flow (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 315 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| conservation | the controlled use and preservation of natural resources (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 121 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| constancy | the tendency for things to remain unchanged (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 37 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| contaminants | substances that harm the environment (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 129 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| continental drift | the movement of continents (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 350 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| contraction | a decrease in size of a substance due to its atoms moving closer together, often caused by a decrease in temperature (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 305 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| convection currents | currents of molten rock within the mantle that carry much of the heat to Earth’s surface (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 347 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| Copernican theory | the idea that the Sun is at the center of the solar system (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 370 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| core | the center of Earth (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 345 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| covalent bond | a bond in which electrons are shared by the bonded atoms of a molecule (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 270 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| crust | the outermost layer of Earth (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 345 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| crustal plates | the exterior layer of Earth’s crust (surface); also called tectonic plates (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 343 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| cytoplasm | a jellylike fluid of water, salt, minerals, and many types of organic molecules that are essential to all life processes (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 165 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| dendrite | a branching fiber on a nerve cell that receives messages from another nerve cell (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 226 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| diffraction | the process in which a waves spread out into a region behind or around a barrier (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 309 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| digestion | the breaking down of food into nutrients that the body’s cells can use (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 240 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| direct current | electric current that moves in one direction only (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 316 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| dissolve | to become part of a solution (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 281 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| DNA | a large, complex molecule formed by chains of chemical compounds (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 171 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| dominant gene | one gene in a gene pair that determines the effect of the gene pair (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 172 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| drawing conclusions | expressing unstated ideas that are logically connected to given information (CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 77 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| ecology | the study of the relationship of organisms to their environment (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 159 and 340 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| ecosystem | a community of populations of organisms and the habitats and natural resources that affect the community (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 206 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| effect | a result of an action or condition (CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 73 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| egg | the female sex cell (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 245 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| electric current | the flow of electrons in a material (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 315 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| electric force | the force that holds electrons in orbit around the nucleus of an atom (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 258 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| electromagnet | a strong magnet that is made by coiling a wire around a piece of iron and running an electric current through the wire (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 321 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| electromagnetic spectrum | the wide range of wavelengths over which electromagnetic waves exist (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 312 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| electromagnetic wave | a wave that can travel through a vacuum (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 312 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| electron | a particle with a negative electric charge that orbits the nucleus of an atom (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 258 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| element | a pure substance composed of identical atoms (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 258 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| elliptical galaxy | a galaxy that looks like a sphere or an elongated sphere of stars (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 377 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| embryo | an organism in its early stage of development (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 192 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| endoplasmic reticulum | a cell organelle that produces lipids, breaks down chemicals, and transports proteins for delivery to all parts of a cell (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| energy | the capacity for doing work (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 289 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| energy shells | the energy levels at which electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 261 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| entropy | the tendency of a system to become randomly disorganized (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 42 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| environment | all the living and nonliving things that affect an organism’s life in some way (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 159 and 200 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| environmental science | the study of how human beings interact with their environment (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 340 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| enzyme | a specialized protein that breaks down organic molecules (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| epidemic | the rapid spread of an infectious disease through an entire population (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 117 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| equilibrium | a condition in which change takes place in equal and opposite ways (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 41 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| erosion | the natural movement of rock fragments over the surface of Earth (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 362 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| eukaryote | an organism composed of one or more cells containing a nucleus and organelles (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 175 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| evidence | observations and data from experiments that support or oppose a stated point of view (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 34 and 81 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| evolution | a series of changes that occur over time (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 41 and 209 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| excretion | the process in which waste products are removed from the body (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 241 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| expansion | an increase in size of a substance due to its atoms moving farther apart, often caused by an increase in temperature (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 305 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| experiment | a procedure that is designed to test a hypothesis (CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 89 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| explanation | the addition of newly acquired evidence to facts that are already known (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 35 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| extinction | the dying off of an entire plant or animal species (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 122 and 200 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| famine | widespread starvation (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 124 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fat | an energy source derived primarily from animal products (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 233 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fetus | the developing stage of a baby
(See page 248 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fission | the splitting of the nucleus of an atom (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 327 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| flat universe | the theory that the universe will at some future time reach a size and stay at that size (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 381 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| flower | the part of a plant in which reproduction occurs (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 184 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| food chain | the interdependence of organisms for food (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 206 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| food web | a group of food chains that are linked together (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 206 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| force | any push or pull that can affect an object either in motion or at rest (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 292 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fossil | a trace remain of an organism of a past geological age (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 213 and 364 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fossil fuels | fuels, such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas, that are used to produce energy for industrialized societies (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 120 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fraternal twins | two children who develop from two eggs fertilized by two sperm during the same reproductive cycle (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 248 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| freezing | the process by which a liquid turns into a solid (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 277 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| friction | a force that slows a moving object (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 303 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| front | the boundary line where a warm air mass collides with a cold air mass (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 359 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| fusion | the combining of two atomic nuclei to form one nucleus (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 328 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| galaxy | a large group of stars (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 371 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| gamma ray | a high-energy electromagnetic wave (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 324 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| gas | the phase of matter in which the molecular structure of a substance is relatively loose, allowing atoms to move apart independently of each other (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 276 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| gas cloud | a vast cloud of gas and dust out of which a star may form (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 378 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| gene | a strand of DNA that carries the information for a specific trait (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 171 and 248 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| genetic disorder | a disease, disability, or difference caused by an abnormal gene (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 249 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| genetics | the study of how characteristics are passed from one organism to another (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 171 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| geochemical cycle | the movement of elements from one chemical storehouse to another (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 347 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| geochemistry | the study of the distribution of chemical elements in Earth’s crust (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 340 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| geology | the study of the composition and structure of Earth (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 339 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| geothermal energy | energy that comes from Earth’s hot interior (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 331 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| giant star | a star that is not as massive as a blue star, but has run out of hydrogen, resulting in the inner core shrinking and the outer core expanding (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 375 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| gills | special organs that take oxygen out of water (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 192 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| global warming | the overheating of Earth’s surface (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 134 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| globular cluster | a group of older stars that looks like a ball of stars (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 378 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| glucose | a simple sugar that is used to produce energy in plants (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| Golgi complex | a cell organelle that receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them for different functions (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 168 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| gravity | a force of attraction between two objects that is due to their mass (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 372 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| greenhouse effect | the natural heating of a planet by the process of atmospheric gases trapping heat energy (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 134 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| group | a column of the Periodic Table that lists elements that have the same number of electrons in their outermost energy shell (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 264 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| habitat | a home for a community of organisms (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 206 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| half-life | the rate at which a substance undergoes radioactive decay (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 324 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| heat | the energy of moving atoms (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 305 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| hemisphere | the left or right half of the human brain (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 225 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| hormone | a chemical produced within the body that regulates body functions (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 245 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| humidity | the measure of the water vapor in the air (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 359 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| hydrocarbon | a compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 274 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| hydroelectric power | electrical energy formed by the conversion of the energy of flowing water (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 330 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| hypothesis | a reasonable explanation of evidence or a prediction based on evidence (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS, CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See pages 35, 67, and 89 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| identical twins | two children who form from the same fertilized egg cell (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 248 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| immune system | molecules, cells, and organs that work together to defend the body against pathogens (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 117 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| implication | a point of view that another person presents to you (CHAPTER 2 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 57 in your textbook.)
|
|
|
|
| imply | to suggest (CHAPTER 2 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 57 in your textbook.)
|
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| incineration | the burning of solid wastes (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 130 in your textbook.)
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| incomplete metamorphosis | a type of metamorphosis that takes place in three stages (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 190 in your textbook.)
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| inertia | the natural resistance of matter to change its state of rest or motion (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 292 in your textbook.)
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| infer | to guess at what is not stated directly (CHAPTER 2 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 57 in your textbook.)
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| inference | a point of view that a person arrives at because of what he or she reads, hears, or sees (CHAPTER 2 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 57 in your textbook.)
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| insulation | material that protects against electric shock (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 315 in your textbook.)
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| invertebrate | an animal without a backbone or skull (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 187 in your textbook.)
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| involuntary muscle | a muscle over which a person has limited control (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 238 in your textbook.)
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| ion | an atom that has either lost or gained an electron (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 269 in your textbook.)
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| ionic bond | a bond that is formed when an electron in the outermost energy shell of one atom transfers to the outermost shell of a second atom (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 269 in your textbook.)
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| ionosphere | the region of Earth’s atmosphere that reflects radio waves toward the ground (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 354 in your textbook.)
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| irregular galaxy | a galaxy that differs from the two basic shapes of galaxies (CHAPTER 12 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 377 in your textbook.)
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| irrelevant information | information that includes any facts that do not directly affect a person’s decision (CHAPTER 3 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 81 in your textbook.)
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| joint | the spot where two or more bones come together (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 237 in your textbook.)
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| kinetic energy | the energy of motion (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 302 in your textbook.)
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| kingdom | the most general classification of an organism (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 175 in your textbook.)
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| landfill | a place where solid wastes are buried (CHAPTER 5 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 130 in your textbook.)
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| larva | a wormlike creature that begins the process of complete metamorphosis (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 190 in your textbook.)
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| law of chance | a description of the probability of something happening (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 38 in your textbook.)
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| law of nature | a property of nature that does not change (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 37 in your textbook.)
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| leaves | the site of food production in a plant (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 183 in your textbook.)
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| lever | a simple machine in which a small force times a large distance at one end becomes a large force times a small distance at the other end (CHAPTER 10 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 299 in your textbook.)
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| life cycle | the stages of life that all living things go through: beginning, growth, maturity, decline, and death (CHAPTER 7 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 162 in your textbook.)
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| life science | see biology
(See page 159 in your textbook.)
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| ligament | a tough strand of connective tissue (CHAPTER 8 FLASHCARDS)
(See page 237 i |
