Environmental Science AP Edition, 12th Edition, (Cunningham)

Chapter 10: Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Practice Quiz

1
A variety of pesticides are used and they differ from each other in
A)the type of organism killed.
B)the degree of toxicity.
C)the degree of persistence in the environment.
D)all of the above.
2
Chemicals were first used to kill or ward off pests
A)thousands of years ago.
B)since the beginning of modern chemistry several hundred years ago.
C)about 70 years ago.
D)during World War II.
3
Chlorinated hydrocarbons are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT which one? They
A)disrupt nervous system function.
B)are fast acting.
C)accumulate in fat tissue.
D)degrade quickly in the environment.
4
Pesticide resistance
A)has emerged in a few species but more cases are expected.
B)used to be a problem but modern pesticides are typically not susceptible to this problem.
C)has arisen in hundreds of species.
D)has arisen only among insects.
5
Integrated pest management utilizes
A)zero pesticide applications.
B)a more expensive but equally effective alternative to pesticides.
C)an ecologically-based approach to pest management.
D)all of the above methods.
6
Over ____________ pest species have so far evolved resistance to pesticides.
A)1500
B)300
C)100
D)50
7
Herbicides are pesticides that kill plants.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
8
A substantial portion of pesticides used do not reach their intended target pests.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
9
Crop rotation can be an effective alternative to pesticides to control pests.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
10
Relying on natural predators to control pests is but one of many nonpesticide options farmers can use in an approach known as biological control.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
11
Which of the following is the most important factor influencing soil drainage?
A)soil color
B)soil faunal content
C)soil organic content
D)soil texture
12
Natural organic pesticides are
A)extracted from plants
B)toxic to insects
C)all non-toxic to humans
D)1 and 2 are correct.
E)All of the above.
13
Humans use pesticides
A)because like other organisms they are competing with other species for food and survival
B)to maintain yields and protect crops from insect outbreaks
C)to add nutrients to the soil, guaranteeing larger fruit
D)1 and 2 are correct
14
Persistant pollutants tend to accumulate in polar regions because
A)They are more stable at lower temperatures
B)There are no crops to absorb them there
C)They evaporate in warm areas and condense in cold areas
D)Ionic effects move them toward the poles
15
Examples of ways that pesticide use can be reduced include
A)Monoculture
B)Crop Rotation
C)biological control
D)All of the above
E)2 and 3 are correct
16
Which of the following statements is false?
A)Organic agriculture depletes the soil of nutrients more rapidly than conventional agriculture, because there are no fertilizer applications to replenish the soil
B)Organic agriculture leads to healthier soils than conventional methods
C)Organic agriculture currently accounts for less than 1% of the farmland in America
17
The problem of soil erosion has been largely eliminated in the U.S.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
18
Mycorrhizal symbiosis reveals fungi to be more damaging to plant growth than originally believed.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
19
Desertification occurs when
A)Deserts spread across the landscape.
B)Productive land turns into desert.
C)vegetation is removed and erosion occurs.
D)All of the above.
20
Reduced tillage agricultural systems
A)consume less energy than conventional systems.
B)lead to less soil degradation.
C)require more energy than conventional systems.
D)1 and 2 are correct
E)2 and 3 are correct
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