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1 | | An example of a structural carbohydrate is |
| | A) | ATP. |
| | B) | RNA. |
| | C) | Chitin. |
| | D) | Glucose. |
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2 | | Like complex carbohydrates, nucleic acids are large molecules, but unlike carbohydrates, they contain which of these? |
| | A) | Carbon |
| | B) | Hydrogen |
| | C) | Oxygen |
| | D) | Nitrogen |
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3 | | An important function of lipids for marine birds is which? |
| | A) | Carrying oxygen in the blood |
| | B) | Structural support |
| | C) | Keeping feathers dry |
| | D) | Speeding up metabolic processes. |
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4 | | The inherited information of an organism is contained in molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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5 | | The direct function of genes is to |
| | A) | Code for a trait, such as blue eyes. |
| | B) | Allow natural selection to proceed. |
| | C) | Specify the order of amino acids in one protein. |
| | D) | Make perfect copies of each strand of DNA. |
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6 | | In photosynthesis, |
| | A) | Carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose. |
| | B) | Glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water. |
| | C) | Energy stored in organic matter is transferred to ATP. |
| | D) | Carbon is converted to an inorganic form. |
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7 | | Because chlorophyll is green, all photosynthetic autotrophs are this color. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8 | | Autotrophs have no need of respiration since they obtain energy from nonliving sources. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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9 | | Primary production is the net gain in organic matter remaining after autotrophs have been consumed by heterotrophs. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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10 | | In the ocean, the most important nutrient is |
| | A) | Nitrate. |
| | B) | Phosphate. |
| | C) | Silicate. |
| | D) | Iron. |
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11 | | Nitrogen (such as NO3-) and phosphorus (PO4-3) compounds are usually the most important nutrients for primary production in the oceans. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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12 | | Prokaryotes have nuclei but no mitochondria or chloroplasts. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | | Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles in eukaryotes that have properties of prokaryotes, suggesting an ancient symbiotic origin. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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14 | | Unlike animal cells, plant cells have which of these? |
| | A) | Flagella |
| | B) | A nucleus |
| | C) | Mitochondria |
| | D) | A cell wall |
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15 | | Though diffusion results in a net movement of a substance from an area of high to an area of low concentration, it is based completely on random molecular motions. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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16 | | Small marine organisms can rely on diffusion for exchange of materials with the environment because of their low surface/volume ration. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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17 | | A biologist suspects that a polychaete worm uses active transport to remove a pollutant from its tissues. Evidence for this idea would be which of the following? |
| | A) | An increased concentration of the pollutant at the exits of its excretory organs as opposed to inside its tissues |
| | B) | Presence of excretory organs |
| | C) | A greater concentration of the pollutant in the sediment outside the worm than inside of it |
| | D) | Survival of the worm in polluted mud |
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18 | | A fish with an internal salinity of 14 parts per thousand tends to gain water from the marine environment by osmosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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19 | | In sexual, but not asexual, reproduction |
| | A) | Buds can break off. |
| | B) | Meiosis occurs. |
| | C) | Cell division occurs |
| | D) | Offspring are genetically identical to the parent. |
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20 | | A sea anemone reproduces by fission. This form of asexual reproduction produces |
| | A) | Daughter cells. |
| | B) | Gametes. |
| | C) | Haploid cells. |
| | D) | Clones. |
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21 | | Sexual reproduction usually requires a halving in the number of chromosomes by the process of meiosis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | | Sperm and eggs generally have a haploid number of chromosomes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | | Two species are considered to be reproductively isolated from each other if they |
| | A) | Look different from each other. |
| | B) | Inhabit separate areas. |
| | C) | Produce infertile offspring after mating. |
| | D) | are very different in size. |
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24 | | Strictly speaking, evolution refers to |
| | A) | Genetic changes in populations. |
| | B) | Survival of the best-adapted individual. |
| | C) | The origin of life. |
| | D) | The establishment of new species. |
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25 | | Natural selection occurs when there are heritable differences among members of a population that lead some members to reproduce more successfully than others. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | | Which is the correct arrangement of biological taxa? |
| | A) | Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order |
| | B) | Kingdom-Class-Phylum-Order |
| | C) | Class-Phylum-Order-Family |
| | D) | Phylum-Order-Class-Family |
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27 | | Within a taxon, members are thought to share a common ancestor. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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28 | | Which of these are not included in the Kingdom Protista? |
| | A) | Seaweeds |
| | B) | Unicellular organisms |
| | C) | Fungi |
| | D) | Eukaryotic organisms |
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29 | | The Archaea are now considered to be separate from Bacteria because |
| | A) | There are differences in their RNA. |
| | B) | They have more than one cell. |
| | C) | They have mitochondria. |
| | D) | They have no metabolism. |
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30 | | In a museum's catalog of specimens, a biologist reads "Echinoidea: Echinidae: Echinus esculentus". She can assume from the label that |
| | A) | Someone made a mistake. Only two names should be used. |
| | B) | Someone made a mistake. The first three names are identical. |
| | C) | Echinoidea is a class and Echinidae is a family. |
| | D) | The first two names should be underlined or in italics. |
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