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1 | | At least 97% of all species of animals are invertebrates. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2 | | Sponges do not have which feature? |
| | A) | Specialized cells |
| | B) | Gametes |
| | C) | Supporting structures |
| | D) | Organs |
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3 | | Feeding currents in sponges are produced by flagellated cells called choanocytes. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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4 | | Water enters a sponge through which part? |
| | A) | Osculum |
| | B) | Ostium |
| | C) | Coelom |
| | D) | Pinacocytes |
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5 | | Radial symmetry, such as seen in Cnidaria, occurs when similar parts of a body are arranged and repeated around a central axis. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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6 | | In all animals with radial symmetry, |
| | A) | There is no head. |
| | B) | The body plan is in five parts. |
| | C) | There is no oral surface. |
| | D) | There is an anterior end. |
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7 | | Mature marine hydrozoan Cnidaria are mainly colonies of polyps that produce medusae. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8 | | The gelatinous bell of a medusa is composed of which of these? |
| | A) | Cnidocytes |
| | B) | Mesoglea |
| | C) | Spicules |
| | D) | Gastrodermis |
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9 | | Scyphozoan cnidarians may be found in a polyp form, but the medusa stage generally dominates. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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10 | | There is no medusa stage in the |
| | A) | Anthozoa. |
| | B) | Hydrozoa. |
| | C) | Scyphozoa. |
| | D) | Cubozoa. |
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11 | | Ctenophores are similar to scyphozoan cnidarians in that they both have which feature? |
| | A) | Gelatinous body |
| | B) | Sting their prey |
| | C) | Rows of long cilia |
| | D) | Skeleton of calcium carbonate |
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12 | | In bilaterally symmetric animals, the term "bilateral" indicates that there are two ways of cutting the body to get two identical halves. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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13 | | Marine worms may gain support for the body from which of these means? |
| | A) | An exoskeleton |
| | B) | A protein skeleton |
| | C) | A hydrostatic skeleton |
| | D) | An endoskeleton |
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14 | | Platyhelminths have a centralized brain, while cnidarians do not. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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15 | | Unlike other flatworms, tapeworms have which feature? |
| | A) | A long proboscis |
| | B) | No digestive tract |
| | C) | Bright colors |
| | D) | A gut with septa |
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16 | | Nemertean worms entangle prey with a proboscis everted from a cavity above the mouth. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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17 | | Marine nematode worms are hardly ever seen because they are relatively few in number. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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18 | | Annelid worms have a true coelom for a body cavity, but nematode, nemertean, and platyhelminth worms do not. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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19 | | A polychaete worm can be told from a sipunculan, nemertean, or echiuran by its |
| | A) | Suckers. |
| | B) | Movable anterior portion. |
| | C) | Non-retractable proboscis. |
| | D) | Segmentation. |
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20 | | Segments of polychaete worms usually have fleshy extensions called parapodia that often have stiff bristles called setae. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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21 | | Pogonophoran worms differ from most other worms in that their digestive tracts are filled with bacteria. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | | Molluscs and annelids produce similar planktonic larvae called trochophores. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | | Most molluscs have a radula, a ribbon-like structure that carries rows of small teeth. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | | Among mollusks, there is no radula among the |
| | A) | Gastropods. |
| | B) | Bivalves. |
| | C) | Cephalopods. |
| | D) | Chitons. |
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25 | | All molluscs have an external shell made of calcium carbonate. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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26 | | Some gastropods use their radulas to scrape algae from rocks, and some are carnivores that may use the radula to rasp a hole in a prey's shell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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27 | | In a bivalve, the gills serve in |
| | A) | Gas exchange only. |
| | B) | Gas exchange and feeding. |
| | C) | Gas exchange and shell production. |
| | D) | Gas exchange and production of noxious chemicals. |
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28 | | Which feature of cephalopods is found in other mollusks? |
| | A) | Foot modified into arms and suckers |
| | B) | Complex nervous system |
| | C) | Closed circulatory system |
| | D) | Mantle |
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29 | | Cephalopods use a structure called a funnel to squirt out water from their mantle cavities in order to create a kind of jet propulsion. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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30 | | Cephalopods are considered to have the most complex brain outside of the vertebrates, capable of advanced learning. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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31 | | A closed circulatory system always has which of these features? |
| | A) | Blood within distinct vessels |
| | B) | A heart with chambers |
| | C) | Open blood spaces |
| | D) | The ability to take up nutrients from seawater |
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32 | | A carapace |
| | A) | Covers the cephalothorax. |
| | B) | Is segmented. |
| | C) | Has two lateral valves. |
| | D) | Is present in all Crustacea. |
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33 | | Arthropods must discard (molt) their chitinous exoskeletons in order to grow. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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34 | | Crustaceans generally reproduce by |
| | A) | External fertilization. |
| | B) | Use of a modified arm to transfer a packet of sperm. |
| | C) | Direct sperm transfer. |
| | D) | Releasing gametes into the water. |
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35 | | Copepod crustaceans typically use their antennae to swim in the plankton. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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36 | | Some of the most common and widespread marine animals are |
| | A) | Insects. |
| | B) | Copepods. |
| | C) | Loriciferans. |
| | D) | Brachiopods |
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37 | | Barnacles use their legs to filter particles out of the water. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | | An important food source in polar ecosystems consists of |
| | A) | Hermit crabs. |
| | B) | Barnacles. |
| | C) | Krill. |
| | D) | Fish lice. |
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39 | | Decapods have |
| | A) | Only one pair of antennae. |
| | B) | Specialized feathery filtering appendages. |
| | C) | A large proboscis. |
| | D) | Three pair of maxillipeds. |
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40 | | Hermit crabs have a long, soft abdomen, while true crabs have a small abdomen tucked under the cephalothorax. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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41 | | Colonial zooids with a lophophore belong to the |
| | A) | Phoronida. |
| | B) | Anthozoa. |
| | C) | Bryozoa. |
| | D) | Brachiopoda. |
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42 | | Echinoderms are characterized by |
| | A) | Usually having a heptaradial symmetry. |
| | B) | Having an exoskeleton similar to that of the Arthropoda. |
| | C) | Often moving by use of hundreds of fluid-powered tube feet. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
| | E) | Both b and c. |
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43 | | In a starfish, an external part of the water-vascular system is |
| | A) | The ring canal. |
| | B) | Aristotle's lantern. |
| | C) | An ampulla. |
| | D) | A tube foot. |
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44 | | Echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates (which include humans) are all thought to be closely related because of common features in early embryonic development. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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45 | | Hemichordates and echinoderms may both have |
| | A) | A notochord. |
| | B) | A dorsal nerve cord. |
| | C) | Similar larval stages. |
| | D) | A backbone. |
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46 | | Sea cucumbers (holothuroidean Echinodermata) are carnivores, using modified tentacular tube feet to grasp animal prey. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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47 | | The mouth is directed upward in the |
| | A) | Asteroidea. |
| | B) | Crinoidea. |
| | C) | Holothuroidea. |
| | D) | Ophiuroidea. |
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48 | | Sea squirts lose their notochord as adults. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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49 | | A lancelet, like other chordates, has which feature? |
| | A) | A pair of large eyes |
| | B) | A water-vascular system |
| | C) | A large proboscis |
| | D) | A dorsal nerve cord |
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50 | | The Cephalochordata feed by |
| | A) | Collecting particles among ciliated arms. |
| | B) | Deposit feeding. |
| | C) | Using the proboscis to stir up prey. |
| | D) | filter-feeding. |
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