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1 | |
The period from the time a cell is produced until it completes mitosis is called the |
| | A) | mitotic phase. |
| | B) | cell cycle. |
| | C) | cytokinesis phase. |
| | D) | G1 phase. |
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2 | |
Most of the cell cycle is occupied by the |
| | A) | G1 phase. |
| | B) | G2 phase. |
| | C) | S phase. |
| | D) | interphase. |
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3 | |
Chromosome replication occurs during the __________ of mitosis. |
| | A) | G1 phase |
| | B) | G2 phase |
| | C) | S phase |
| | D) | interphase |
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4 | |
A copy of a chromosome produced by replication is called a |
| | A) | chromatid. |
| | B) | daughter chromosome. |
| | C) | sister chromosome. |
| | D) | both b and c. |
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5 | |
The microtubules of the mitotic spindle are attached to the |
| | A) | kinetochore. |
| | B) | centromere. |
| | C) | centrosome. |
| | D) | all of the above (a-c). |
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6 | |
Chromosomes become visible with the light microscope during |
| | A) | prophase. |
| | B) | metaphase. |
| | C) | anaphase. |
| | D) | telophase. |
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7 | |
Disassembly of the mitotic spindle is completed in |
| | A) | prophase |
| | B) | metaphase |
| | C) | anaphase |
| | D) | telophase |
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8 | |
The fusion of gametes is called |
| | A) | gametotangeny. |
| | B) | syngamy. |
| | C) | crossing over. |
| | D) | genetic recombination. |
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9 | |
During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up side-by-side in a process called |
| | A) | genetic recombination. |
| | B) | meiosis II. |
| | C) | synapsis. |
| | D) | crossing over. |
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10 | |
Crossing over results in |
| | A) | synapsis. |
| | B) | syngamy. |
| | C) | genetic recombination. |
| | D) | dyad formation. |
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11 | |
Spermatogenesis begins with an unspecialized cell called a |
| | A) | daughter cell. |
| | B) | sex cell. |
| | C) | sister chromatid. |
| | D) | spermatogonium. |
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12 | |
In spermatogenesis, meiotic division II produces |
| | A) | spermatids. |
| | B) | daughter chromosomes. |
| | C) | sister chromosomes. |
| | D) | daughter cells. |
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13 | |
An oogonium grows and matures into a primary |
| | A) | oocyte. |
| | B) | oocyst. |
| | C) | polar body. |
| | D) | ovum. |
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14 | |
In oogenesis in humans, in order for the second mitotic division of the female gamete to occur, __________ must occur. |
| | A) | separation of sister chromosomes |
| | B) | fertilization |
| | C) | crossing over |
| | D) | synapsis |
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15 | |
Each primary spermatocyte gives rise to __________ spermatids. |
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 2 |
| | C) | 3 |
| | D) | 4 |
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16 | |
In the DNA molecule, the base adenine pairs with the base |
| | A) | guanine. |
| | B) | cytosine. |
| | C) | thymine. |
| | D) | uracil. |
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17 | |
A DNA nucleotide consists of all of the following except |
| | A) | a base. |
| | B) | ribose. |
| | C) | deoxyribose. |
| | D) | phosphate. |
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18 | |
During protein synthesis, ______ is produced in the nucleus and carries the genetic code to the cytoplasm. |
| | A) | transfer RNA |
| | B) | messenger RNA |
| | C) | ribosomal RNA |
| | D) | deoxynucleotide |
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19 | |
_______ involves the formation of a polypeptide chain at the______. |
| | A) | Transcription/nucleus |
| | B) | Transcription/ribosome |
| | C) | Translation/nucleolus |
| | D) | Translation/ribosome |
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20 | |
A sequence of three bases in mRNA that codes for an amino acid is a |
| | A) | nucleotide. |
| | B) | nucleoside. |
| | C) | codon. |
| | D) | anticodon. |
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21 | |
The ______ carries amino acids to the ribosome where a polypeptide is assembled. |
| | A) | transfer RNA |
| | B) | messenger RNA |
| | C) | ribosomal RNA |
| | D) | deoxynucleotide |
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22 | |
During protein synthesis at the ribosome, the ______ pairs with _______. |
| | A) | nucleotide/nucleoside |
| | B) | codon/anticodon |
| | C) | codon/amino acid |
| | D) | mRNA/DNA |
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23 | |
All of the following statements regarding DNA and RNA are true except one. Select the false statement. |
| | A) | RNA is single stranded, and DNA is double stranded. |
| | B) | RNA contains the base thymine, and DNA contains the base uracil. |
| | C) | RNA is found in the nucleus and cytoplasm, and DNA is mainly in the nucleus. |
| | D) | RNA contains the sugar ribose, and DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose. |
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24 | |
Which of the following are pyrimidine bases found in RNA? |
| | A) | adenine and guanine |
| | B) | cytosine and thymine |
| | C) | adenine and uracil |
| | D) | cytosine and uracil |
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25 | |
DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because |
| | A) | it is remarkably error free. |
| | B) | it results in one new DNA molecule and one parental molecule. |
| | C) | it results in two DNA molecules, each consisting of one new and one parental strand. |
| | D) | it results in two completely new parental molecules. |
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26 | |
The fact that more than one codon in mRNA can code for a particular amino acid is referred to as |
| | A) | degeneracy. |
| | B) | redundancy. |
| | C) | wobble. |
| | D) | antiparallel. |
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27 | |
Which of the following occurs at the beginning of transcription? |
| | A) | RNA polymerase recognizes a promotor. |
| | B) | Introns are removed. |
| | C) | Codons pair with anticodons. |
| | D) | A new strand of DNA is synthesized. |
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28 | |
Which of the following occurs at the beginning of translation? |
| | A) | A UGA codon is aligned with the P site of the ribosome. |
| | B) | An AUG codon is aligned with the P site of the ribosome. |
| | C) | RNA polymerase recognizes a promotor. |
| | D) | Two strands of DNA are separated. |
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29 | |
In recombinant DNA techniques, ___________ is used to cut DNA strands prior to inserting a piece of DNA into a plasmid. |
| | A) | DNA polymerase |
| | B) | DNA ligase |
| | C) | a restriction enzyme |
| | D) | the polymerase chain reaction |
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30 | |
Homologous chromosomes carry genes for the same traits, although the alleles may be different. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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31 | |
Genetic recombination or crossing over is a major form of genetic variation. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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32 | |
Prophase begins once daughter chromosomes appear at opposite poles of the cell. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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33 | |
The 5' end of one DNA strand would be directly across from the 3' end of the sister strand. The term
antiparallel refers to this condition. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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34 | |
During DNA replication, the new strand of DNA grows in the 3' to 5' direction. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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35 | |
There are 20 different codons, one for each naturally occurring amino acid. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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36 | |
The central dogma indicates that genetic information in DNA is not translated directly into protein, but is first transcribed into transfer RNA. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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37 | |
An intron is a region of DNA that does not code for a functional protein, and intron ribonucleotides must be
spliced out of newly transcribed mRNA. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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38 | |
After it has been synthesized, a protein usually enters the endoplasmic reticulum where the chain of amino acids is modified to form the functional protein. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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39 | |
The most severe point mutations are those that occur at the third position of a DNA triplet. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education