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A Child's World: Infancy through Adolescence, 9/e
Diane E. Papalia, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Sally Wendkos Olds
Ruth Duskin Feldman

Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Chapter Overview

Chapter 11 traces several strands of psychosocial development in early childhood. In this chapter, the authors:
  • Trace the development of young children's sense of self, understanding of emotions, and self-esteem
  • Present Erikson's "crisis" of early childhood, initiative versus guilt.
  • Discuss how children develop gender identity, and explore theories and research on how gender differences come about
  • Describe types of play, and examine how culture influences play
  • Assess the influence of child-rearing styles and practices
  • Explain how altruism (prosocial behavior), aggression, and fearfulness develop, and how they are influenced by parental treatment
  • Describe relationships with siblings and peers, characteristics of the only child, and how family relationships and peer relationships influence each other