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A Child's World: Infancy through Adolescence, 9/e

Diane E. Papalia, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Sally Wendkos Olds
Ruth Duskin Feldman

Forming a New Life

Multiple Choice


1	Having a first child in the thirties is
		A)	most common among women who have not finished high school
		B)	more common today than having a first child in the twenties
		C)	riskier than was previously believed
		D)	none of the above


2	Fertilization normally occurs in the
		A)	uterus
		B)	vagina
		C)	cervix
		D)	fallopian tube


3	A newborn girl has approximately how many immature ova in her ovaries?
		A)	none
		B)	40
		C)	4000
		D)	400,000


4	The incidence of multiple births has been increasing because of
		A)	increased use of fertility drugs
		B)	increased rate of sexual activity
		C)	aftereffects of birth control pills
		D)	none of the above; such births are accidental


5	The most common cause of male infertility is
		A)	low sperm count
		B)	inability to ejaculate
		C)	blocked passage for sperm
		D)	low mobility of sperm


6	In vitro fertilization is
		A)	a form of artificial insemination
		B)	conception outside the body
		C)	successful in at least one-third of cases
		D)	still in the experimental stage


7	The chemical called DNA
		A)	tells the cells how to manufacture proteins that control body functions
		B)	tells the cells to produce testosterone
		C)	causes a fetus to develop female body parts
		D)	causes chromosomal abnormalities


8	A genetically male zygote can result from which combination of sex chromosomes?
		A)	YY
		B)	XY
		C)	XX
		D)	any of the above


9	Which of the following statements about genes is true?
		A)	Each gene acts independently of other genes in determining a trait.
		B)	Each cell in the human body contains approximately 10,000 genes.
		C)	Three-fourths of the genes a child receives are identical to those received by every other child.
		D)	Genes are made of proteins.


10	Mendel's experiments proved that
		A)	Traits are transmitted independently of each other.
		B)	All inherited traits are expressed.
		C)	Most traits are inherited polygenically.
		D)	Most traits are inherited multifactorially.


11	The pattern of alleles underlying a person's observable traits is called his or her
		A)	karyotype
		B)	prototype
		C)	phenotype
		D)	genotype


12	Birth disorders account for approximately what percentage of deaths in infancy?
		A)	less than 1 percent
		B)	5 percent
		C)	10 percent
		D)	more than 20 percent


13	African Americans are at higher-than-average risk of carrying genes for
		A)	sickle-cell anemia
		B)	Tay-Sachs disease
		C)	cystic fibrosis
		D)	beta thalassemia


14	Chromosomal abnormalities are the result of
		A)	inheritance
		B)	prenatal accidents
		C)	either a or b
		D)	neither a nor b


15	Genome imprinting is
		A)	a form of sex-linked inheritance
		B)	a form of recessive inheritance
		C)	apparently involved in Huntington's disease
		D)	the result of a permanent mutation


16	The Human Genome Project is designed to
		A)	map the location of genes and identify those that cause disorders
		B)	conduct genetic tests to identify people who carry harmful genes
		C)	perform gene therapy to repair abnormal genes
		D)	counsel couples on their risk of having a child with a birth defect


17	Genetic determinism is
		A)	another term for heritability.
		B)	a reason for concern about genetic testing.
		C)	a view supported by Sandra Scarr
		D)	a basic principle of behavioral genetics.


18	Which of the following is a method of studying relative effects of heredity and environment?
		A)	correlational study
		B)	adoption study
		C)	case study
		D)	cross-sequential study


19	A human characteristic that is highly canalized is
		A)	body size
		B)	eye color
		C)	rate of language development
		D)	shyness


20	Which of the following is an example of genotype-environment interaction?
		A)	Sarah is taller than her parents because she has a better diet than they did as children.
		B)	Maria learned to talk earlier than her sister Julia because her parents spent more time talking to her as an infant.
		C)	Wendell has a higher IQ than his identical twin brother Mitch, who was adopted at birth.
		D)	Selena, who was born with the PKU gene, will be mentally retarded unless put on a special diet.


21	Mia's parents sent her to a tennis camp because she showed an aptitude for the sport. This is an example of
		A)	passive correlation
		B)	reactive correlation
		C)	active correlation
		D)	niche-picking


22	Which of the following statements about heredity and intelligence is true?
		A)	Intelligence is controlled by a few specific genes.
		B)	The influence of heredity on intelligence diminishes with age.
		C)	The prenatal environment seems to have an important impact on intelligence.
		D)	Because of the strength of genetic influences on intelligence, little can be done to improve IQ scores.


23	Shyness
		A)	is largely inborn
		B)	occurs with similar frequency in all cultures
		C)	is unaffected by parental treatment
		D)	is more common in adopted children than in children living with their biological parents

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