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1 | |
The world's population increases by about _____________ people per year. |
|
| | A) | 800,000 |
| | B) | 8 million |
| | C) | 80 million |
| | D) | 800 million |
|
2 | |
The rapid increase in human numbers after A.D. 1600 resulted from |
|
| | A) | increased trading between nations. |
| | B) | better health care. |
| | C) | improved agricultural efficiencies. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
|
3 | |
Malthus contended that |
|
| | A) | by providing additional workers human population growth enhanced economic development. |
| | B) | humans can produce babies faster than they can produce commensurate amounts of food. |
| | C) | poverty causes resource depletion rather than the reverse. |
| | D) | all of the above are true. |
|
4 | |
Marx believed that |
|
| | A) | excess population growth produces food shortages which produces poverty and misery. |
| | B) | exploitation of people produces poverty which produces population growth with its attendant miseries. |
| | C) | technological improvements were the only way to better the human condition. |
| | D) | aggressive birth control programs were the most important tool to reduce the misery associated with excess population growth. |
|
5 | |
Factors increasing earth's ability to support humans that Malthus did not anticipate include |
|
| | A) | dramatic increases in agricultural productivity. |
| | B) | cheap fuel sources. |
| | C) | improved efficiency in extraction and use of natural resources. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
|
6 | |
Current world population is about |
|
| | A) | 630 million. |
| | B) | 2.3 billion. |
| | C) | 6.3 billion. |
| | D) | 10.3 billion |
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7 | |
The greatest future growth in human numbers is expected to occur in the |
|
| | A) | rich countries of Europe and North America. |
| | B) | rich Asian countries including Japan. |
| | C) | developing nations. |
|
8 | |
Fertility rates have declined in |
|
| | A) | all major regions of the world. |
| | B) | only in Europe, Japan, and the U.S. |
| | C) | all areas but Africa. |
| | D) | all areas but Asia. |
|
9 | |
Age structure graphs express |
|
| | A) | whether a population is declining, growing, or stable. |
| | B) | the proportion of a population at various ages. |
| | C) | the proportion of people approaching reproductive age as well as those of reproductive age |
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10 | |
The total fertility rate is the |
|
| | A) | total number of births in a given time period in a population. |
| | B) | average number of children born to a woman in a population during her reproductive life. |
| | C) | total number of births less the deaths in a given time period. |
| | D) | total number of children produced that survive to reproductive age per year. |
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11 | |
In general, countries with the highest fertility rates are those |
|
| | A) | with the greatest untapped natural resources. |
| | B) | among the poorest on earth. |
| | C) | with the highest life expectancies. |
| | D) | with low infant mortality rates. |
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12 | |
The main cause of population growth in recent centuries has been |
|
| | A) | a drop in mortality rate. |
| | B) | a drop in mortality rate and a sharp increase in natality rate. |
| | C) | a progressive increase in birth rate. |
| | D) | a sharp increase in birth rate. |
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13 | |
The natural increase of a population is defined as |
|
| | A) | the total number of individuals entering a population by birth or immigration per year. |
| | B) | the crude birth rate less the crude death rate. |
| | C) | the total number of children added to a population less the number who are adopted. |
| | D) | the number of additions to a population by any means. |
|
14 | |
It took __________ years for world population to go from 5 billion to 6 billion. |
|
| | A) | 200 |
| | B) | 100 |
| | C) | 50 |
| | D) | 12 |
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15 | |
In general, life expectancy |
|
| | A) | rises with increased annual income. |
| | B) | rises with increased annual income but only up to about $4000. |
| | C) | bears no consistent relationship to annual income. |
| | D) | is greatest among country peasants. |
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16 | |
Social and economic factors tending to increase the number of children couples plan to have include |
|
| | A) | wanting additional workers contributing to family income. |
| | B) | the joys of parenthood. |
| | C) | wanting support when in old age. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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17 | |
Factors linked with reduction in the number of children couples plan to have include |
|
| | A) | increased educational level of women. |
| | B) | desire to spend family income on things other than raising children. |
| | C) | increased earning levels of women. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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18 | |
The demographic transition is the shift in a population over time from having a |
|
| | A) | high birth rate and low death rate to low birth rate and high death rate. |
| | B) | high birth rate and death rate to low birth and death rate. |
| | C) | low birth and death rate to high birth and death rate. |
| | D) | low birth and death rate to low birth and high death rate. |
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19 | |
A belief that many poorer countries will not be able to complete the demographic transition without crash programs to reduce population growth is described as the |
|
| | A) | pessimistic view. |
| | B) | optimistic view. |
| | C) | social justice view. |
| | D) | ecojustice view. |
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20 | |
Views regarding the likelihood of the poor countries passing through the demographic transition include |
|
| | A) | the transition is already in progress and intervention is not needed. |
| | B) | without intensive intervention to reduce birth rates it will not happen. |
| | C) | the transition in many countries needs to be helped along by redistribution of a portion of resources from richer countries. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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21 | |
Worldwide, use of contraceptives in recent years has |
|
| | A) | stayed about the same. |
| | B) | increased dramatically. |
| | C) | decreased dramatically. |
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22 | |
If the percent rate of increase remains constant a population's doubling time will speed up. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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23 | |
Neo-Malthusians feel aggressive birth control efforts should be our top priority. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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24 | |
Neo-Marxists feel establishing social justice is a high priority. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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25 | |
Julian Simon was convinced that without fundamental social and economic changes, environmental damage will accelerate. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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26 | |
Worldwide, our population growth curve is taking the shape of the standard S curve. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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27 | |
Reductions in death rates in recent centuries are due more to better food and sanitation than modern medicine. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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28 | |
In a stable population the proportion of people in pre-reproductive age groups is about the same as those of reproductive age. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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29 | |
The demographic transition generally accompanies economic development. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |
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30 | |
Absent migration, populations of many wealthy countries would actually be declining. |
|
| | A) | TRUE |
| | B) | FALSE |