Please answer all questions

1		A pharmacological dose (megadose) of a vitamin is defined as an intake of more than:
			A)	two times the RDA.
			B)	five times the RDA.
			C)	ten times the RDA.
			D)	one hundred times the RDA.
2		Vitamins are classified
			A)	organic and inorganic.
			B)	fat-soluble and water soluble.
			C)	essential and nonessential.
			D)	elements and compounds.
3		All of the following diseases may lead to poor absorption of vitamins A, E, and K except:
			A)	Crohn's disease.
			B)	cystic fibrosis.
			C)	celiac disease.
			D)	scurvy.
4		Which of the following is not generally a true statement about fat-soluble vitamins?
			A)	Excess amounts are readily excreted from the body.
			B)	They can be consumed less frequently than the water-soluble vitamins.
			C)	They are bound to proteins when traveling in the blood.
			D)	They may accumulate to toxic amounts in the body.
5		One-a-day types of vitamin and mineral supplements:
			A)	are necessary to prevent against nutrient deficiencies.
			B)	include all known essential vitamins and minerals.
			C)	are scientifically prepared to ensure a balance of all known essential nutrients.
			D)	are often not needed by healthy, active adults who regularly eat a varied diet.
6		All of the following methods will help to preserve food nutrients except:
			A)	Cut fruits and vegetables into pieces and store before eating.
			B)	use microwave cooking or steaming for vegetables.
			C)	refrigerate foods in a moisture-proof container near freezing temperature.
			D)	all of the above methods preserve vitamins.
7		Which of the following water-soluble vitamins does not pose a particularly high risk of toxicity?
			A)	vitamin B-6
			B)	thiamin
			C)	niacin
			D)	vitamin C
8		One of the first signs of vitamin A deficiency is:
			A)	anemia.
			B)	jaundice.
			C)	night blindness.
			D)	scurvy.
9		One of the last signs of vitamin A deficiency is:
			A)	anemia
			B)	osteoporosis
			C)	blindness
			D)	hemorrhage
10		Deficiency symptoms such as respiratory infections, gastrointestinal disturbances, and blindness are related to the role of vitamin A in:
			A)	promoting growth.
			B)	maintaining healthy tissue.
			C)	acting as an antioxidant.
			D)	blood clotting.
11		Of the following, which is a vitamin precursor?
			A)	retinol
			B)	choline
			C)	carotenoids
			D)	1.25(OH)2 vitamin D
12		Identify the best sources of carotenoids.
			A)	whole grains, nuts, seeds, egg yolk, and plant oils
			B)	lean meat, poultry, fish, and legumes
			C)	corn, peas, and beans
			D)	pumpkin, carrots, squash, sweet potatoes, and apricots
13		The main active form of vitamin D in the body is:
			A)	1,25(OH)2 vitamin D.
			B)	calcitonin.
			C)	hydroxyapatite.
			D)	prohormone vitamin D.
14		Calcification of the soft tissues is a symptom of:
			A)	vitamin K deficiency.
			B)	vitamin D deficiency.
			C)	vitamin D excess.
			D)	vitamin A excess.
15		Which of the following symptoms would indicate a vitamin D deficiency in infants and young children?
			A)	abnormally high blood calcium
			B)	rupture of red blood cells
			C)	bowed legs
			D)	abnormally low blood calcium
16		Which of the following is not a good source of vitamin D?
			A)	sunshine
			B)	fatty fish
			C)	fortified milk and margarine
			D)	fruit, vegetables, and whole grains
17		Identify one function of vitamin D.
			A)	necessary for iron metabolism
			B)	prevents scurvy
			C)	acts as an antioxidant
			D)	aids in the absorption of calcium
18		Which of the following substitutes for some of our need for vitamin E?
			A)	sodium
			B)	sulfur
			C)	silver
			D)	selenium
19		The need for vitamin E in the diet will increase with an increase in the amount of what other nutrient in the diet?
			A)	protein.
			B)	saturated fatty acids.
			C)	carbohydrate.
			D)	polyunsaturated fatty acids.
20		Vitamin E functions in the body:
			A)	to maintain vision and skin integrity, as well as growth of nails and bones.
			B)	as an antioxidant to prevent cell damage.
			C)	to calcify bones and teeth.
			D)	to supply energy and spare protein.
21		Vitamin K deficiency is a possible result of:
			A)	kidney disease.
			B)	antibiotic therapy.
			C)	presence of phytates.
			D)	insufficient intake of citrus fruits.
22		The vitamin synthesized by bacteria in the intestine is:
			A)	E
			B)	D
			C)	A
			D)	K
23		Vitamin K is needed in the body for:
			A)	enzyme action.
			B)	blood clotting.
			C)	energy production.
			D)	carbohydrate metabolism
24		Vitamin K is found in:
			A)	seafood, iodized salt, and dairy products.
			B)	citrus fruits, cantaloupe, seeds, and nuts.
			C)	fortified cereals, milk, and cheese.
			D)	green leafy vegetables.
25		Plant oils are excellent sources of __________ and liver is an excellent source of __________.
			A)	vitamin K; vitamin A
			B)	vitamin E; vitamin D
			C)	vitamin E; vitamin A
			D)	vitamin D; vitamin K