Please answer all questions

1			Concerning the heart:
			A)	The most superior part of the heart is the apex.
			B)	The heart is located in the thoracic cavity below the mediastinum.
			C)	The apex of the heart is directed anteriorly and to the left.
			D)	The apex of the heart is where many large vessels leave the heart.
			E)	The heart is located inferior to the diaphragm.
2			Given these structures: 1. fibrous pericardium 2. parietal pericardium 3. pericardial cavity 4. visceral pericardium, Arrange the structures in the correct order from outside the pericardial sac to the heart.
			A)	1,2,3,4
			B)	2,1,3,4
			C)	2,3,4,1
			D)	3,1,2,4
			E)	4,3,2,1
3			Cardiac veins carry blood from the heart muscle to the
			A)	superior vena cava.
			B)	inferior vena cava.
			C)	coronary sinus.
			D)	coronary arteries.
			E)	lungs.
4			The atrioventricular valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart is the
			A)	aortic semilunar valve.
			B)	bicuspid (mitral) valve.
			C)	pulmonary semilunar valve.
			D)	tricuspid valve.
5			Given these structures: 1. left atrium 2. lungs 3. pulmonary trunk 4. pulmonary veins 5. right ventricle, Arrange the structures in the correct order as a drop of blood passes them starting from the heart to the lungs, and back.
			A)	1,3,2,4,5
			B)	1,4,2,3,5
			C)	3,1,2,4,5
			D)	4,1,2,3,5
			E)	5,3,2,4,1
6			The smooth inner surface of the heart chambers is
			A)	endocardium.
			B)	myocardium.
			C)	visceral pericardium.
			D)	epicardium.
7			Given these events: 1. voltage-gated calcium ion channels open 2. voltage-gated potassium ion channels open 3. voltage-gated sodium ion channels open, Arrange the events in the proper order as the depolarization phase, the plateau phase, and the repolarization phase of a muscle cell action potential occurs.
			A)	1,2,3
			B)	1,3,2
			C)	2,3,1
			D)	3,1,2
			E)	3,2,1
8			The pacemaker of the heart is the
			A)	AV bundle.
			B)	AV node.
			C)	bundle branches.
			D)	Purkinje fibers.
			E)	SA node.
9			In an EKG, the P wave results from the
			A)	depolarization of the atria.
			B)	depolarization of the ventricles.
			C)	repolarization of the atria.
			D)	repolarization of the ventricles.
10			During a cardiac cycle, at the beginning of ventricular diastole, the
			A)	tricuspid and bicuspid valves close.
			B)	ventricles contract.
			C)	pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves close.
			D)	atria contract.
			E)	blood is forced into the aorta and pulmonary trunk.
11			Given these events in the cardiac cycle: 1. bicuspid and tricuspid valves close 2. bicuspid and tricuspid valves open 3. aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves close 4. aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves open, Arrange the events in the order they would occur, starting at the end of ventricular diastole.
			A)	1,2,3,4,
			B)	1,4,3,2
			C)	1,3,2,4
			D)	2,4,1,3
			E)	3,1,2,4
12			Cardiac output increases if
			A)	stroke volume decreases.
			B)	heart rate decreases.
			C)	stroke volume increases.
			D)	heart rate increases.
			E)	both c and d
13			According to Starling's law of the heart,
			A)	increased preload causes increased cardiac output.
			B)	increased afterload causes increased cardiac output.
			C)	decreased preload causes increased afterload.
			D)	afterload influences cardiac output more than preload.
			E)	cardiac output is not influenced by preload.
14			Baroreceptors are sensory receptors that monitor
			A)	pain.
			B)	how fast the heart is beating.
			C)	blood pressure.
			D)	preload of the heart.
			E)	action potentials in the sympathetic division of the ANS.
15			Which of these causes an increase in heart rate?
			A)	parasympathetic stimulation
			B)	decrease in CO2
			C)	increase in pH
			D)	epinephrine
			E)	decreased body temperature