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The nucleus of an atom contains two types of particles with a positive charge, and with no charge (are neutral). |
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2 | |
The energy shell or barrier of an atom beyond which the electrons usually do not travel is known as its . |
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3 | |
In an isotope, the atomic number is the , but its atomic mass is . |
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4 | |
The outermost electrons of an atom that are most involved in bonding with other atoms are known as the electrons of the atom. |
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5 | |
To complete the second orbital of electrons, the atom of carbon must obtain more electrons from other atoms. |
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6 | |
bonds result when atoms share electrons. |
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7 | |
The bond between the oxygen and hydrogens within a water molecule are covalent. |
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8 | |
Negatively charged ions are called . |
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9 | |
Because sodium tends to give up its outermost valence electron to a nearby chlorine atom in solution, sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of an compound. |
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10 | |
When water surrounds ions with concentric layers, (2 words) are formed. |
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11 | |
When molecules such as polar molecules are soluble in water, they are said to . |
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12 | |
The bonding between water molecules is responsible for many of the physical properties of water, including surface tension and action. |
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13 | |
A solution that has a lower H+ concentration than that of water is called . |
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14 | |
A solution with a H- concentration of 10-3 molar has a pH of and is a strong . |
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A system of molecules and ions that acts to prevent changes in H+ concentration and to stabilize pH is called a . |
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16 | |
If the blood pH falls below 7.35, the condition is called . |
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17 | |
If two carbon atoms share two pairs of electrons, they form a (2 words) bond. |
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18 | |
All organic acids have a functional group located at the end of the molecule. |
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19 | |
The enzymes of all cells can combine only with (L- or D-) amino acids and (L- or D-) sugars. |
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20 | |
Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides all belong to a class of organic molecules known as . |
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21 | |
Starch is to plants, what is to animals. |
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22 | |
Sugar molecules are characterized by the suffix - . (3 letters) |
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23 | |
Glycogen is made by removing water—a process called condensation or (2 words). |
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24 | |
The liver can add glucose to the blood by the stored glycogen. |
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25 | |
Dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis do not occur spontaneously, they require the activity of molecules called . |
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26 | |
Lipids are characterized by being insoluble in solvents. |
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27 | |
Triglycerides are a subcategory of lipids that includes fat and . |
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28 | |
Those fatty acids with one or more double covalent bonds in the hydrocarbon chain are said to be fatty acids. |
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29 | |
Health authorities recommend that a person's total fat intake not exceed % of the total energy intake per day, and that saturated fat contribute less than %. |
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30 | |
Free fatty acids can be used as an immediate source of energy by many tissues; or they can be converted by the liver into byproducts called bodies. |
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31 | |
The primary type of lipid in cell membranes are . |
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32 | |
When mixed with water, phospholipids arrange themselves into aggregates called . |
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33 | |
Cholesterol is the precursor to the class of lipids known as . |
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34 | |
The class of lipids implicated in the regulation of blood vessel diameter, ovulation, uterine contraction during labor, inflammation reactions, blood clotting, and many other functions is . |
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35 | |
Proteins are assembled from twenty different building blocks called (2 words). |
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36 | |
The bond between two adjacent amino acids in a protein is called a bond. |
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37 | |
The structure of proteins is easily disrupted by high temperature or by changes in pH. |
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38 | |
Cooking an egg changes the clear egg fluid into solid egg white, a process called . |
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39 | |
In deoxyribonucleic acid adenine and thymine are linked together by hydrogen bonds while guanine and cytosine are held together by hydrogen bonds. |
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40 | |
Guanine and adenine are nitrogenous bases known as . |
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41 | |
Thymine and cytosine are nitrogenous bases known as . |
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