Please answer all questions. The numbers at the end of each question refer to the textbook page where the question topic is discussed.
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1 | |
The interpretation of a nerve impulse from the sensory organs to the brain is (488) |
| | A) | sensation |
| | B) | response |
| | C) | perception |
| | D) | recognition |
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2 | |
The correct sequence of nuclei locations that a sensory impulse from the foot would pass through as it traveled to the cerebral cortex would be the (488) |
| | A) | spinal cord, medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and thalamus |
| | B) | spinal cord, medulla oblongata, pons, and thalamus |
| | C) | medulla oblongata, cerebellum, pons, and thalamus |
| | D) | spinal cord, medulla oblongata, thalamus, and pons |
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3 | |
Hair cells in the spiral organ (organ of Corti) within the inner ear are (489) |
| | A) | tactile receptors |
| | B) | enteroreceptors |
| | C) | visceroceptors |
| | D) | proprioreceptors |
| | E) | exteroreceptors |
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4 | |
Which of the following statements is false regarding pain receptors? (491) |
| | A) | They are stimulated by chemicals released from damaged tissues. |
| | B) | They exist throughout the body. |
| | C) | They are classified as exteroceptors when located within the skin. |
| | D) | In technical usage, they are called nociceptors. |
| | E) | They only respond to pressure stimuli. |
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5 | |
Which of the following sensations does not involve visceroceptors? (490) |
| | A) | taste |
| | B) | thirst |
| | C) | nausea |
| | D) | hunger |
| | E) | fullness |
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6 | |
Body position, equilibrium, and movement are monitored by (490) |
| | A) | enteroceptors |
| | B) | proprioceptors |
| | C) | baroreceptors |
| | D) | exteroceptors |
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7 | |
Receptors that produce a relatively constant rate of firing as long as the stimulus is maintained are known as (490) |
| | A) | tonic receptors |
| | B) | somatic receptors |
| | C) | sensory receptors |
| | D) | phasic receptors |
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8 | |
The cutaneous receptors sensitized for fine, or light, touch are the (490) |
| | A) | corpuscles of touch (Meissner's corpuscles) |
| | B) | free nerve endings |
| | C) | root hair plexuses |
| | D) | lamellated corpuscles |
| | E) | bulbs of Krause |
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9 | |
The receptors that are closest to the surface of the skin are the (491) |
| | A) | corpuscles of touch |
| | B) | free nerve endings |
| | C) | hair root plexuses |
| | D) | lamellated corpuscles |
| | E) | bulbs of Krause |
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10 | |
The organs of Ruffini and the bulbs of Krause are both (473) |
| | A) | tactile receptors |
| | B) | mechanoreceptors |
| | C) | chemoreceptors |
| | D) | nociceptors |
| | E) | thermoreceptors |
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11 | |
The sensation of visceral pain perceived as arising from a somatic location other than the site of the problem is known as (491) |
| | A) | related pain |
| | B) | phantom pain |
| | C) | referred pain |
| | D) | parietal pain |
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12 | |
Proprioceptors that are located in skeletal muscles, particularly those of the extremities, are called (493) |
| | A) | joint kinesthetic receptors |
| | B) | neurotendinous receptors |
| | C) | fascial receptors |
| | D) | neuromuscular spindles |
| | E) | none of the above |
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13 | |
Which of the following statements concerning olfaction is false? (495) |
| | A) | Accommodation occurs rapidly with olfaction. |
| | B) | Olfactory reception in humans is poorly developed as compared to that of other vertebrates. |
| | C) | The sensory olfactory neurons are myelinated. |
| | D) | Thousand of odors can be detected in human olfaction. |
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14 | |
The correct transmission pathway for olfactory sensations is the (496) |
| | A) | olfactory hairs, olfactory bulb, olfactory nerve, olfactory tract, and cerebral cortex |
| | B) | olfactory hairs, olfactory nerve, olfactory bulb, olfactory tract, and cerebral cortex |
| | C) | olfactory bulb, olfactory hairs, olfactory nerve, olfactory tract, and cerebral cortex |
| | D) | olfactory nerve, olfactory hairs, olfactory tract, olfactory bulb, and cerebral cortex |
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15 | |
Which term best describes a taste bud? (496) |
| | A) | gustatory cell |
| | B) | taste pore |
| | C) | gustatory microvillus |
| | D) | sensory organ |
| | E) | papillae |
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16 | |
The knoblike papillae located on the tip and sides of the tongue are known as (497) |
| | A) | fungiform papillae |
| | B) | vallate papillae |
| | C) | filiform papillae |
| | D) | taste buds |
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17 | |
A salty sensation of taste arises from which part of the tongue? (497) |
| | A) | tip |
| | B) | back |
| | C) | sides |
| | D) | most areas |
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18 | |
The two cranial nerves that provide the pathway of taste sensations to the brain are the (499) |
| | A) | vagus and facial nerves |
| | B) | facial and trigeminal nerves |
| | C) | facial and glossopharyngeal nerves |
| | D) | glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves |
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19 | |
Which of the following statements concerning vision is false? (499) |
| | A) | The eyes are responsible for approximately 80% of all knowledge that is assimilated. |
| | B) | The position of the eyes permits binocular vision. |
| | C) | The photoreceptor cells within the eyes can respond to about 1 billion different stimuli each second. |
| | D) | Incoming light waves are refracted within the eyes. |
| | E) | The eyes are specialized sensory organs that interpret visual impulses. |
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20 | |
Which of the following are not associated structures of the eyes? (499) |
| | A) | extrinsic ocular muscles |
| | B) | eyebrows |
| | C) | optic nerves |
| | D) | eyelids |
| | E) | eyelashes |
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21 | |
Tarsal plates and tarsal glands are located within the (501) |
| | A) | sclera |
| | B) | eyelids |
| | C) | ocular muscles |
| | D) | retina |
| | E) | vitreous humor |
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22 | |
Lacrimal fluid (tears) contains a bactericidal enzyme called (502) |
| | A) | lysosome |
| | B) | mucolactase |
| | C) | lysozyme |
| | D) | serotonin |
| | E) | ocular acid |
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23 | |
Contraction of the superior oblique eye muscle rotates the eye (503) |
| | A) | upward and toward the midline |
| | B) | downward and toward the midline |
| | C) | laterally and away from the midline |
| | D) | downward and away from the midline |
| | E) | upward and away from the midline |
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24 | |
Which of the following word combinations relating the ocular muscle and its innervation is incorrect? (503) |
| | A) | lateral rectus muscle and the abducens cranial nerve |
| | B) | superior rectus muscle and the trochlear cranial nerve |
| | C) | inferior oblique muscle and the oculomotor cranial nerve |
| | D) | medial rectus muscle and the oculomotor cranial nerve |
| | E) | superior oblique muscle and the trochlear cranial nerve |
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25 | |
Which of the following is not a part of the vascular tunic, or uvea? (505) |
| | A) | ciliary body |
| | B) | choroid |
| | C) | ciliary muscle |
| | D) | iris |
| | E) | fovea centralis |
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26 | |
Involuntary smooth muscle is located within the (505) |
| | A) | corona |
| | B) | iris |
| | C) | ciliary muscle |
| | D) | choroid |
| | E) | both b and c |
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27 | |
Which of the following statements concerning rods and cones is false? (506) |
| | A) | Cones are concentrated in the fovea centralis. |
| | B) | Rods are concentrated on the peripheral parts of the retina. |
| | C) | Cones provide better visual acuity than rods. |
| | D) | The eye contains fewer rods than cones. |
| | E) | Rods are more sensitive to low illumination than cones. |
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28 | |
As an object close to the eyes is focused upon, which of the following is true? (510) |
| | A) | The lens becomes more convex. |
| | B) | The ciliary muscles contract. |
| | C) | The tension in the suspensory ligament decreases. |
| | D) | The eyeballs converge so that the light waves focus on the same portions in both retinas. |
| | E) | All of the above |
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29 | |
Which of the following sequences for the formation of the lens of the eye is correct? (515) |
| | A) | optic vesicle, lens vesicle, lens placode, and lens |
| | B) | lens placode, optic vesicle, lens vesicle, and lens |
| | C) | optic vesicle, lens placode, lens vesicle, and lens |
| | D) | lens vesicle, optic vesicle, lens placode, and lens |
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30 | |
Which of the following word combinations relating germ layer derivation and eye structure is incorrect? (516) |
| | A) | ectoderm and the vitreous humor |
| | B) | mesoderm and the extrinsic eye muscles |
| | C) | surface ectoderm and the conjunctiva |
| | D) | surface ectoderm and the lens |
| | E) | mesoderm and the choroid |
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31 | |
Development of the eyes and their accessory structures is completed during the (516) |
| | A) | ninth week |
| | B) | third month |
| | C) | fourth month |
| | D) | fifth month |
| | E) | seventh month |
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32 | |
Which of the following structures is not a component of the outer ear? (516) |
| | A) | auricle |
| | B) | helix |
| | C) | ceruminous glands |
| | D) | helicotrema |
| | E) | external auditory canal |
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33 | |
Which of the following statements regarding the outer ear is false? (516) |
| | A) | The shape of the auricle is maintained by elastic connective tissue. |
| | B) | The vibrating tympanic membrane alone amplifies sound about 20 times. |
| | C) | Cerumen keeps the tympanic membrane soft and waterproof. |
| | D) | The rim of the auricle is called the helix. |
| | E) | The external auditory canal is approximately 2.5 cm long. |
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34 | |
Which of the following statements regarding the middle ear is false? (517) |
| | A) | The tensor tympani and the stapedius contract reflexively to protect the inner ear against loud noises. |
| | B) | The middle ear is enclosed within the petrous portion of the temporal bone. |
| | C) | The cochlear window and the auditory tube are the two openings from the middle ear into the inner ear. |
| | D) | The auditory tube equalizes air pressure on the tympanic membrane. |
| | E) | Sound waves pass through a solid medium within the middle ear. |
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35 | |
The tyrnpanic membrane (516) |
| | A) | is a single-layered epithelial membrane |
| | B) | is sensitive to pain and is innervated by the vestibulocochlear nerve |
| | C) | heals slowly if ruptured |
| | D) | moves in response to sound waves through the external auditory canal |
| | E) | both a and d are true |
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36 | |
Which of the following structures separates the middle ear from the inner ear? (517) |
| | A) | vestibule |
| | B) | cochlear window |
| | C) | vestibular window |
| | D) | helicotrema |
| | E) | both b and c |
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37 | |
The sensation of angular acceleration is associated with the (520) |
| | A) | semicircular canals |
| | B) | utricle |
| | C) | cochlea |
| | D) | saccule |
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38 | |
Considering only the structures listed below, which is the third to be passed through by sound waves entering the ear and activating the cochlear nerve? (523) |
| | A) | vestibular window |
| | B) | incus |
| | C) | scala vestibuli |
| | D) | helicotrema |
| | E) | tympanic membrane |
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39 | |
The scala vestibuli and scala tympani contain perilymph and are connected at the (520) |
| | A) | cochlear duct |
| | B) | helicotrema |
| | C) | semicircular duct |
| | D) | vestibule |
| | E) | spiral organ |
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40 | |
The base of the hair cells of the spiral organ are anchored in the (521) |
| | A) | tectorial membrane |
| | B) | scala tympani |
| | C) | helicotrema |
| | D) | vestibule |
| | E) | basilar membrane |
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41 | |
A sound intensity at the threshold of hearing has an intensity of (522) |
| | A) | 1 hertz (Hz) |
| | B) | 100 hertz (Hz) |
| | C) | zero decibels (db) |
| | D) | 1 decibel (db) |
| | E) | 100 decibels (db) |
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42 | |
As the pitch of a sound gets higher, displacements of the basilar membrane occur (523) |
| | A) | more toward the apex |
| | B) | more toward the base |
| | C) | more toward the middle |
| | D) | equally throughout the length of the membrane |
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43 | |
The portion of the brain that receives and interprets auditory sensations is the (523) |
| | A) | temporal lobe of the cerebrum |
| | B) | parietal lobe of the cerebrum |
| | C) | cerebellum |
| | D) | medulla oblongata |
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44 | |
The otic placode of the developing ear gives rise to the (529) |
| | A) | auricle |
| | B) | auditory ossicles |
| | C) | auditory tube |
| | D) | semicircular canals and cochlea |
| | E) | tympanic cavity |
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45 | |
The visual impairment characterized by a short eyeball and a focal point behind the retina is (531) |
| | A) | astigmatism |
| | B) | myopia |
| | C) | presbyopia |
| | D) | diplopia |
| | E) | hyperopia |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education