 |
1 | |
Carrier-mediated transport may be divided into diffusion and active transport. |
|
|
2 | |
Simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are all considered transport. |
|
|
3 | |
The difference in concentration between two solutions is known as a . |
|
|
4 | |
fibrosis is a genetic defect that results in abnormal NaCl and water movement across wet epithelial membranes. |
|
|
5 | |
Gas exchange between tissue cells and their extracellular environments occurs by . |
|
|
6 | |
Tiny ion channels in the cell membrane are provided by special membrane proteins called proteins, that usually span the thickness of the membrane. |
|
|
7 | |
In order for osmosis to occur, the membrane must be permeable; that is to be more permeable to water molecules than to solutes. |
|
|
8 | |
Metastasis of some cancer cells results when the cancer cells produce active forms of , the enzymes that are normally inactive and act to breakdown the collagen of the basal lamina. |
|
|
9 | |
Solutes such as proteins that are impermeable through cell membranes are said to be active. |
|
|
10 | |
The unit of weight containing Avogadro's number of molecules (6.02 x 1023) is called a . |
|
|
11 | |
A one molal solution contains one mole of solute dissolved in one of water. |
|
|
12 | |
When describing body fluids such as plasma, the total molality of that fluid is usually expressed as its . |
|
|
13 | |
One mole of any solute per liter depresses the freezing point of water by °C. |
|
|
14 | |
Since 5% dextrose, normal saline (0.9%), and Ringer's lactate, all have the same osmolality as plasma and are, thus, said to be to plasma. |
|
|
15 | |
Solutions with a lower osmotic pressure than plasma are relative to plasma. |
|
|
16 | |
Red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution will undergo the process known as . |
|
|
17 | |
Neurons located in the hypothalamus that are responsible for sensing blood plasma osmolality and osmotic pressure are called . |
|
|
18 | |
hormone is released from the posterior pituitary whenever plasma osmolality increases. |
|
|
19 | |
Some snake venoms prevent the binding of the glycoprotein to blood platelets which then inhibits blood clotting. |
|
|
20 | |
The three characteristics of membrane proteins carriers that are in common with enzyme proteins are specificity, , and saturation. |
|
|
21 | |
Glyucosuria (the presence of glucose in the urine) occurs when the glucose protein in the kidney is saturated. |
|
|
22 | |
Primary active transport pumps require recognition of a carrier protein and the hydrolysis of cellular energy in the form of . |
|
|
23 | |
Secondary active transport is also known as . |
|
|
24 | |
Due to the presence of "fixed anions" the inside cytoplasmic fluid of the cell is always (negatively/positively) charged compared to the outer extracellular fluid. |
|
|
25 | |
The two forms of bulk transport are and . |
|
|
26 | |
Neurotransmitters and hormones are released from cells by . |
|
|
27 | |
The equation used to determine the theoretical equilibrium potential for sodium and potassium ion concentrations, is known as the equation. |
|
|
28 | |
The equilibrium potential for potassium is measured at mV. |
|
|
29 | |
The concentration of sodium ion is higher the cell. |
|
|
30 | |
The resting membrane potential of most cells in the body ranges from to -85 mV. |
|
|
31 | |
The plasma ion that must be monitored carefully to prevent alterations in the resting membrane potential and the generation of aberrant electrical activity in the heart is . |
|
|
32 | |
The Na+/K+ pump transports Na+ ions out of the cell for every two K+ ions that it moves into the cell, helping to generate a potential difference across the membrane. |
|
|
33 | |
A cell must contain a in order to respond to a neurotransmitter. |
|
|
34 | |
If a cell is going to respond to a hormone that is polar, the receptor would be found within the of the cell. |
|
.