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| 1 | |
Targets of the autonomic nervous system include all of the following except |
| | A) | cardiac muscle. |
| | B) | exocrine glands. |
| | C) | skeletal muscle. |
| | D) | endocrine glands. |
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| 2 | |
Somatic motor neurons have cell bodies located ____ the CNS that project axons only to ____; and are usually under ____ control. |
| | A) | outside; skeletal muscle; involuntary |
| | B) | inside; the viscera; voluntary |
| | C) | inside; the viscera; involuntary |
| | D) | inside; skeletal muscle; voluntary |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following statements does not describe denervation hypersensitivity? |
| | A) | Autonomic target tissues become more sensitive than normal to stimulating agents. |
| | B) | Skeletal muscle effectors enter a state of flaccid paralysis and undergo atrophy. |
| | C) | Severing (cutting) autonomic motor neurons may stimulate denervation hypersenstitivity. |
| | D) | One example is restoring the secretion of acid from the stomach following vagotomy (severing the vagus nerve). |
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| 4 | |
Which statement regarding autonomic parasympathetic neurons is true? |
| | A) | They are usually activated as a single unit (mass activation). |
| | B) | They emerge from the brain and sacral regions. |
| | C) | They form white rami communicantes fibers. |
| | D) | They may have ganglia located along the spinal cord. |
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| 5 | |
Which of the following ganglia is not a collateral (prevertebral) ganglion? |
| | A) | celiac |
| | B) | superior mesenteric |
| | C) | inferior mesenteric |
| | D) | cervical |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following is innervated by postganglionic fibers arising from the cervical ganglia? |
| | A) | The eyes. |
| | B) | The digestive system. |
| | C) | The urinary system. |
| | D) | The reproductive system. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following statements about parasympathetic neurons is true? |
| | A) | The nerve fibers are contained in spinal nerves. |
| | B) | They synapse in terminal ganglia, either next to or within the organs innervated. |
| | C) | They originate in thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord. |
| | D) | Postganglionic fibers are usually longer than those of sympathetic neurons. |
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| 8 | |
Which of the following cranial nerves does not contain preganglionic parasympathetic fibers? |
| | A) | oculomotor (III) |
| | B) | facial (VII) |
| | C) | optic (II) |
| | D) | glossopharyngeal (IX) |
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| 9 | |
The very longcranial nerve that originates from nuclei in the medulla oblongata and projects preganglionic fibers through the neck to the thoracic and abdominal cavities, is the _____ nerve. |
| | A) | optic (II) |
| | B) | oculomotor (III) |
| | C) | facial (VII) |
| | D) | vagus (X) |
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| 10 | |
Which neuron does releases a catecholamine as a neurotransmitter? |
| | A) | Preganglionic sympathetic fibers |
| | B) | Postganglionic sympathetic fibers |
| | C) | Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers |
| | D) | Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers |
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| 11 | |
Catecholamines are derived from |
| | A) | acetylcholine. |
| | B) | tyrosine. |
| | C) | tryptophan. |
| | D) | epinephrine. |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following is an α-adrenergic response? |
| | A) | inhibition (relaxation) of the digestive tract muscular motility, such as peristalsis |
| | B) | opening (dilation) of the airways or bronchioles in the lung |
| | C) | increasing the force and rate of the heart beat |
| | D) | dilating the smooth muscle of blood vessels in the skin and intestinal area |
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| 13 | |
The drug muscarine, derived form some poisonous mushrooms stimulates all of the following cholinergic receptors, except those receptors in the |
| | A) | heart. |
| | B) | neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle fibers. |
| | C) | digestive system. |
| | D) | most target organs of postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers. |
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| 14 | |
The drug that should aid the suffering of asthmatics by serving as a selective β2 agonist, resulting in dilation of the airways in the lung, is |
| | A) | terbutaline |
| | B) | atenolol |
| | C) | phenylephrine |
| | D) | clonidine |
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| 15 | |
If cocaine blocks the reuptake of catecholamines it would be considered a |
| | A) | sympathetic agonist. |
| | B) | sympathetic antagonist. |
| | C) | sympathetic neurotransmitter. |
| | D) | parasympathetic agonist. |
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| 16 | |
All of the following molecules are considered "nonadrenergic noncholinergic" neurotransmitters produced by postganglionic autonomic axons, except |
| | A) | adenosine triphosphate. |
| | B) | acetylcholine. |
| | C) | vasoactive intestinal peptide. |
| | D) | nitric oxide. |
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| 17 | |
The separate effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the pacemaker region of the heart can best be described as |
| | A) | antagonistic |
| | B) | complementary |
| | C) | cooperative |
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| 18 | |
The effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation on the urinary and reproductive systems, causing the male erection and ejaculation for example, are called |
| | A) | antagonistic |
| | B) | complementary |
| | C) | cooperative |
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| 19 | |
The effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation of the salivary glands, producing a thicker, more viscous saliva, are called |
| | A) | antagonistic |
| | B) | complementary |
| | C) | cooperative |
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| 20 | |
Which of the following target tissues is innervated by only neurons from the sympathetic nervous system? |
| | A) | adrenal medulla |
| | B) | lacrimal glands |
| | C) | bronchioles |
| | D) | pupil of the eye |
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| 21 | |
The brain area that most directly controls the activity of the autonomic nervous system, is the |
| | A) | medulla oblongata. |
| | B) | pituitary gland. |
| | C) | cerebellum. |
| | D) | hypothalamus. |
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| 22 | |
Which system is not regulated by a center in the medulla oblongata? |
| | A) | The cardiovascular system |
| | B) | The respiratory system |
| | C) | The immune system |
| | D) | The digestive system |
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| 23 | |
The hypothalamus does not contain a control center for the homeostatic regulation of |
| | A) | body temperature |
| | B) | various emotional states |
| | C) | urinary bladder reflexes |
| | D) | eating |
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