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1 | |
The term "urbanization" is used to describe the transformation of rural land uses and culture to an urban pattern of organization and life style. In the case of Chicago, which rural land use is being transformed? |
| | A) | forest management |
| | B) | cattle grazing |
| | C) | farming |
| | D) | mining |
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2 | |
There are at least 20,000 different soil types in the U.S. that vary based on parent material, topography, and climate. Which of the following is true about the soil in Chicago-area farmland? |
| | A) | It is deep, rich, and well drained. |
| | B) | It took 10,000 years to develop. |
| | C) | It is low in productivity. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
| | E) | A and b are correct. |
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3 | |
Farmers, like John Pihl, are concerned that farmland transformation will change their life style and standard of living. What is the primary reason for the Chicago-area farmland transformation? |
| | A) | Businesses and residences are relocating out of the city and into rural areas. |
| | B) | The loss of topsoil has reduced farm productivity. |
| | C) | Reoccurring drought makes farming economically difficult. |
| | D) | Farmers are leaving the farm for better jobs in the city. |
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4 | |
Environmental scientists and geographers uses various models to describe land use activity and patterns of urban development. Which model best describes Chicago development as a result of the 1871 fire? |
| | A) | Concentric Zone Model |
| | B) | CBD Model |
| | C) | Multiple Nuclei Model |
| | D) | Sector Pattern Model |
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5 | |
In the Sector Pattern Model, sectors develop based on particular land uses. Which sector of the Chicago Sector Pattern Model is associated with high rent and high income? |
| | A) | heavy industry |
| | B) | the railroad |
| | C) | CBD |
| | D) | light industry |
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6 | |
The Multiple Nuclei Model is the most recently formed of the three proposed models. What caused the shift to this model? |
| | A) | the shift from light to heavy industry |
| | B) | urban degradation |
| | C) | automobile |
| | D) | all of the above |
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7 | |
The Chicago Consolidated Metropolitan Area is a federally recognized metropolitan area with at least one million people. Why do researchers use this unit of measurement when studying the Chicago area? |
| | A) | It accounts for multiple land uses including agriculture and forestry. |
| | B) | It takes into account the surrounding 12 counties and satellite cities that depend on Chicago. |
| | C) | The Office of Management and Budget subsidizes the area. |
| | D) | A and c are correct. |
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8 | |
Rapidly growing employment subcenters have developed on the suburban fringe of Chicago. What was the correct sequence of movement and development that shaped the earliest "edge cities?" |
| | A) | corporate businesses, shopping malls, suburban homes |
| | B) | shopping malls, suburban homes, corporate businesses |
| | C) | suburban homes, retail shopping malls, corporate businesses |
| | D) | corporate businesses, suburban homes, shopping malls |
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9 | |
The term "bedroom community" is described as a suburban community in which the inhabitants commute to a CBD, such as downtown Chicago. How does an edge city differ from a bedroom community? |
| | A) | The edge city is an actual employment center. |
| | B) | The edge city is associated with higher incomes. |
| | C) | The edge city inhabitants have a longer drive time. |
| | D) | The edge city depends on the bedroom community for resources and trade. |
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10 | |
What personal transportation preference has been influential in the development of Chicago-area suburban communities? |
| | A) | American prefer rail for their employment transportation. |
| | B) | Americans will travel up to an hour for high-paying jobs. |
| | C) | Americans prefer a drive time of 30 minutes or less. |
| | D) | Americans prefer the urban life style to the suburban. |
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11 | |
Between 1950 and 1990, Chicago's urbanized area has expanded greatly. In the 1950s, development occurred along _______, whereas in the late '80s and early '90s, development occurred along _______. |
| | A) | river transport systems; commuter rail systems |
| | B) | native American trade routes; interstate highways |
| | C) | canals, rail systems |
| | D) | commuter rail lines; interstate highways |
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12 | |
Which county experienced the greatest increase of farmland conversion? |
| | A) | DeKalb |
| | B) | Cook |
| | C) | Lake |
| | D) | All of the above |
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13 | |
As edge cities develop and expand, they run the risk of converting peaceful suburban lifestyles to the problems associated with urbanization. Which of the following might result from an overgrown edge city? |
| | A) | deterioration of air quality |
| | B) | poorly planned sewer supply |
| | C) | water shortages |
| | D) | all of the above |
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14 | |
In order to preserve the bucolic lifestyle that the original community members sought in the farmlands, planners are beginning to preserve the farmland itself. What tools have planners used to preserve farmland in Kane County? |
| | A) | raised land value so high no-one can afford it |
| | B) | restrictive zoning |
| | C) | tax incentives |
| | D) | all of the above |
| | E) | b and c are correct |
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15 | |
In addition to the loss of farmland, edge cities are also concerned with the rapid increases in population. How will this increase affect local governments? |
| | A) | It will increase dependency on the larger cities. |
| | B) | They will need to supply greater municipal services. |
| | C) | It will reduce property value. |
| | D) | They will receive less federal funding. |
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16 | |
Kane County is among the fastest growing counties in Illinois. In which direction is the greatest amount of expansion occurring? |
| | A) | north |
| | B) | south |
| | C) | east |
| | D) | west |
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17 | |
A new road is planned to go through prime farmland in Kane County in the near future. Planners expect new development to occur in association with _______. |
| | A) | existing roads and ramps |
| | B) | existing farmland |
| | C) | sensitive areas |
| | D) | state-owned lands |
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18 | |
Many people originally move to rural areas to increase their quality of life but eventually the increased population and development degrades the rural environment. Which of the following best describes this "American dilemma?" |
| | A) | Most people want to be farmers but we are losing the transfer of knowledge from one generation to the next. |
| | B) | Most people want to be farmers but cannot afford the land. |
| | C) | People will only drive 30 minutes to a job. |
| | D) | People want the benefits of rural life with the conveniences of urban life. |
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19 | |
Chicago-area developers are capitalizing on the trend to "move to the country." What is the greatest pressure on a farmer to sell his land? |
| | A) | more land is needed for state and federal parks |
| | B) | local governments need it for municipal services |
| | C) | farmers can get rich on skyrocketed land values |
| | D) | the soil has lost productivity and farmers can't make ends meet |
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20 | |
Richard Green is using GIS to determine how much of the best farmland is being converted to urban land uses. Farmland conversion has the same effect as soil erosion in that it may ultimately _______. |
| | A) | reduce agriculturally productive lands |
| | B) | lead to massive flooding |
| | C) | increase dependence on ground water |
| | D) | cause ground water contamination |
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21 | |
Although the amount of farmland converted to development has increased greatly over recent decades, the amount of total U.S. cropland has stayed the same. What change in agriculture has occurred to account for this? |
| | A) | The U.S. has more fertile farmland than it will ever use. |
| | B) | Cloning has increased agricultural productivity. |
| | C) | Farming has shifted to state and federally owned lands. |
| | D) | Farming has shifted to inferior, arid croplands. |
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22 | |
Where is most of the new cropland located? |
| | A) | California's Napa Valley |
| | B) | Deep South |
| | C) | High Plains |
| | D) | Midwest |
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23 | |
As more and more nations lose prime fertile cropland to development, there will be an increased dependence on marginal non-prime cropland. Which of the following is NOT a possible environmental side effect of farming arid lands? |
| | A) | reduced soil fertility |
| | B) | increased use of fertilizers |
| | C) | salinization |
| | D) | reduced soil erosion |
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