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| 1 | |
Which of the following issues, questions of who or what is to be considered human, has been the center of many contemporary debates? |
| | A) | civil rights |
| | B) | colonization in Africa |
| | C) | right to vote |
| | D) | right to assemble |
| | E) | all of the above |
| | F) | none of the above |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following criteria is commonly used to determine if an individual is entitled to certain rights? |
| | A) | race |
| | B) | gender |
| | C) | sexual orientation |
| | D) | economic class |
| | E) | all of the above |
| | F) | none of the above |
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| 3 | |
The view of rights that see the rights of the individual as superior and natural to society and government is: |
| | A) | positive rights |
| | B) | negative rights |
| | C) | distributive rights |
| | D) | equal rights |
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| 4 | |
The view that holds that on the basis of the ideal of social equality, everyone has a right to live and have his or her life sustained is: |
| | A) | positive rights |
| | B) | negative rights |
| | C) | distributive rights |
| | D) | equal rights |
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| 5 | |
The concept of ________________ holds that in order for society to function, it must both recognize and offer some way to attain needs. |
| | A) | backward justice |
| | B) | forward justice |
| | C) | distributive justice |
| | D) | protected justice |
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| 6 | |
The term "human" has evolved over history until today when the definition includes all but one of the following. Which one is NOT part of the contemporary definition of "human"? |
| | A) | implication of certain duties and privileges |
| | B) | all women and males of any nationality |
| | C) | individuals over the age of eighteen (18) |
| | D) | capability of psychological and social interaction with others |
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| 7 | |
When President George W. Bush addressed the topic of stem cell research. His decision was: |
| | A) | no future stem cell research will be attempted through the use of an embryo conceived for the specific purpose of stem cell research. |
| | B) | future stem cell research would be permitted, but only under strict governmental guidelines. |
| | C) | deliberate conception of an embryo for the purpose of research was akin to abortion. |
| | D) | none of the above |
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| 8 | |
In addition to a multitude of moral objections, those opposed to cloning see all but one of the following as reason to maintain the moratorium on human cloning. |
| | A) | overpopulation threatens our planet |
| | B) | a cloned human will have difficulty with achieving their own identity |
| | C) | individuals will have too much control over their offspring |
| | D) | animal cloning has let to abnormal physical traits; therefore the same risk would exist for human clones. |
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| 9 | |
According to Dworkin's second model, if he was applying the principle to the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, he would: |
| | A) | agree that individuals have a right to bear arms |
| | B) | state that an individual's right to bear arms should not be compared to the right of a militia, but to the rights of all other individuals |
| | C) | agree that an individual's right to bear arms should be curtailed because some other individual choose to harm someone |
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| 10 | |
Affirmative Action, a policy developed by President Lyndon B. Johnson, was intended to " level the playing field" for all persons in the areas of: |
| | A) | employment |
| | B) | education |
| | C) | housing |
| | D) | A and B only |
| | E) | all of the above |
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