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Multiple Choice
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1

Which of the following is the best translation of the Greek word "arete," used in ancient discussions of virtue?
A)justice
B)care
C)excellence
D)duty
2

Who is most likely to emphasize the importance of role models?
A)a utilitarian
B)an ethical subjectivist
C)a Kantian
D)a virtue ethicist
3

According to Aristotle, our happiness is chiefly a matter of
A)serving the gods so as to be rewarded in an afterlife
B)fulfilling our human function by guiding our lives with reason, developing both intellectual and moral excellence
C)maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain
D)achieving honor
4

Which of the following best captures the notion of the moral virtue that's at the heart of Aristotle's doctrine of the mean?
A)Moral virtue is the ability to find the single intermediate level of emotion or action that's appropriate no matter what the particular circumstances.
B)Moral virtue is the habit of rationally choosing just the right emotion or action for the circumstances, i.e., a balance between the extremes of too little and too much.
C)Moral virtue is the habit of treating everyone with respect, never using anyone simply as a means to satisfy your own self-interest.
D)Moral virtue is the habit of acting to help others, regardless of the costs to oneself.
5

Besides Aristotle, who is known for having expressed the idea that morality involves seeking an appropriate balance between extremes?
A)Confucius
B)Kant
C)Hobbes
D)Bentham





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