Understand the concepts of genotype and phenotype.

• Explain how a person can have the allele for a particular gene but not show it.

Understand the basis of Mendelian genetics.

• Define the concepts of dominant alleles and recessive alleles.
• Determine if the children of a father and mother with a certain gene combination will automatically show that trait.
• Explain how people inherit varying degrees of traits such as skin color.

Know single-gene and double factor genetic methods of inheritance.

• Explain the likelihood that a particular trait will be passed on to the next generation.
• Determine the chances that children will carry two particular genes.

Understand how Mendel's model of inheritance can be modified to account for other types of genetic influences.

• Understand how a person's sex can influence the expression of his or her genes.
• Understand how codominant alleles, and X-linkage explain inheritance patterns.

Understand other influences on phenotype

• Explain the meaning of variable expressivity.
• Understand how both external and internal environmental factors (epigenetic affects) can influence the expression of genes.