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| 1 | |
______ is the evolutionary process that favors individuals that are best designed to reproduce and survive. |
| | A) | Adaptation |
| | B) | Sociobiology |
| | C) | Natural selection |
| | D) | Reproduction |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following correctly lists parts of a human cell in the order of largest to smallest in size? |
| | A) | Chromosomes, DNA, genes |
| | B) | Genes, DNA, chromosomes |
| | C) | Chromosomes, genes, DNA |
| | D) | DNA, chromosomes, genes |
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| 3 | |
Genetic expression is affected by |
| | A) | other genes. |
| | B) | non-genetic factors inside the body (e.g., hormones). |
| | C) | the outside environment. |
| | D) | All of the above statements are true. |
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| 4 | |
A single cell formed through fertilization is called a |
| | A) | gene. |
| | B) | meiosis. |
| | C) | chromosome. |
| | D) | zygote. |
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| 5 | |
Within Janice's genome is an abnormal X chromosome that would normally result in Fragile X syndrome. Janice, however, is merely a carrier while her son was just diagnosed with the disorder. Which genetic principle explains how Janice does not have the disorder but her son does? |
| | A) | Dominant-recessive |
| | B) | Sex-linked |
| | C) | Genetic imprinting |
| | D) | Polygenic inheritance |
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| 6 | |
A mechanism in which genes have differing effects depending on whether they are transmitted to the offspring through the egg or sperm is known as |
| | A) | polygenic inheritance. |
| | B) | X-linked inheritance. |
| | C) | dominant-recessive. |
| | D) | genetic imprinting. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following disorders would result if a girl was born missing one of her X chromosomes (e.g., XO)? |
| | A) | Klinefelter syndrome |
| | B) | Fragile X syndrome |
| | C) | Turner syndrome |
| | D) | Phenylketonuria (PKU) |
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| 8 | |
_______ is a genetic disorder in which the individual cannot properly metabolize an amino acid. |
| | A) | Down syndrome |
| | B) | Turner syndrome |
| | C) | Sickle-cell anemia |
| | D) | Phenylketonuria |
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| 9 | |
This prenatal test involves removing a small sample of the placenta in order to test for genetic abnormalities. |
| | A) | Chorionic villus sampling |
| | B) | Amniocentesis |
| | C) | Maternal blood screening |
| | D) | Ultrasound sonography |
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| 10 | |
A physician orders an amniocentesis to be performed to determine whether a fetus is genetically normal. This procedure will involve |
| | A) | taking a blood sample from the mother. |
| | B) | drawing a sample of the fluid that surrounds the baby in the womb. |
| | C) | taking a sample of the placenta between the 8th and 11th week of pregnancy. |
| | D) | taking a blood sample from the fetus. |
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| 11 | |
A possible placental abnormality 7 weeks into pregnancy will be best detected using which of the following diagnostic tests? |
| | A) | Ultrasound sonography |
| | B) | Fetal MRI |
| | C) | Amniocentesis |
| | D) | Chorionic villus sampling |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following statements is true about adopted children? |
| | A) | Children who are adopted very early in their lives are more likely to have positive outcomes than children adopted later in life. |
| | B) | Adopted children show many more behavioral problems than non-adoptees. |
| | C) | Adopted children are more likely to be antisocial, uncaring, and unsupportive of others compared to non-adoptees. |
| | D) | Infant adoptees tend to have more issues than children adopted later in life. |
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| 13 | |
Baby Emily is an active, smiling infant and therefore receives more social stimulation than her passive, quiet brother. This is an example of |
| | A) | passive genotype-environment interaction. |
| | B) | evocative genotype-environment interaction. |
| | C) | active genotype-environment interaction. |
| | D) | neutral genotype-environment interaction. |
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| 14 | |
A family's social class and the parents' intellectual orientation are examples of _______ in siblings. |
| | A) | nonshared environmental experiences |
| | B) | shared environmental experiences |
| | C) | canalization |
| | D) | behavior genetics |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following statements would be advocated by a theorist who believes in the epigenetic view? |
| | A) | Parents do not matter as much as peers do in the development of a child's personality. |
| | B) | When considering shared and non-shared aspects of development, non-shared aspects matter more. |
| | C) | The environment that parents provide is more influential than the child's genetics. |
| | D) | Genetics and the environment work together to influence a child's development. |
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