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1
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“The process of identifying, extracting and managing the information, intellectual property and accumulated knowledge that exists within a company and the minds of its employees” defines |
| | A) | Intangible strategic assets |
| | B) | Resource-based view |
| | C) | Knowledge management |
| | D) | Core competences |
| | E) | None of the above |
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2
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Refining and improving existing products or processes, describes: |
| | A) | incremental innovation |
| | B) | radical innovation |
| | C) | invention |
| | D) | modification |
| | E) | none of the above |
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3
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New innovations arise from inventions that create new products from new knowledge or distinctive combinations of knowledge. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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4
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Innovation that fosters improved product performance among existing firms is termed: |
| | A) | Disruptive technologies |
| | B) | New technologies |
| | C) | Sustaining technologies |
| | D) | Improved technologies |
| | E) | None of the above |
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5
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Innovations that result in worse near term product performance and which precipitate the leading firm’s failure are termed: |
| | A) | innovation breakdowns |
| | B) | innovation malfunctions |
| | C) | disruptive technologies |
| | D) | chaotic technologies |
| | E) | none of the above |
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6
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Dell’s introduction of direct order customized PCs superseded Compaq’s products to turn Dell into the new industry leader. This is an example of a: |
| | A) | sustaining technology |
| | B) | emergent technology |
| | C) | improved product performance |
| | D) | disruptive technology |
| | E) | none of the above |
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7
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The major inputs of value innovation are knowledge and ideas; new products etc. which reject competitive strategies based on imitation but do not necessarily require new technology in order to succeed. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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8
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Where companies act reactively and try to emulate existing competitive strategies this is termed; |
| | A) | Incremental innovation |
| | B) | Reactive innovation |
| | C) | Imitation |
| | D) | Emergent innovation |
| | E) | None of the above |
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9
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Where companies rely on creative ideas and product concepts and creative reconfigurations of existing technologies, this is termed: |
| | A) | Innovation |
| | B) | Revolutionary innovation |
| | C) | New product development |
| | D) | Invention |
| | E) | None of the above |
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10
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“the collective learning in the organisation, especially how to co-ordinate diverse production skills and integrate multiple streams of technologies” defines: |
| | A) | learning |
| | B) | knowledge management |
| | C) | core competences |
| | D) | key success factors |
| | E) | none of the above |
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11
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Which of the following is not an example of a core competence? |
| | A) | design expertise |
| | B) | application expertise |
| | C) | ability to utilize relevant technologies |
| | D) | patent ownership |
| | E) | fast, flexible response capability |
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12
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The reluctance of incumbents in an industry to refrain from innovation in the light of expected innovation from new entrants is explained through two economic reasons. These are: |
| | A) | sunk cost effect and floating cost effect |
| | B) | maintenance cost and replacement cost |
| | C) | sunk cost effect and replacement cost |
| | D) | opportunity cost and replacement cost |
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13
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The theory that asserts that the first mover gains advantage by establishing explicit knowledge protected by patents and trademarks and goes on to build advantages of scale/scope so that late movers can never erode the early advantage is termed: |
| | A) | technology race |
| | B) | first to market |
| | C) | first mover advantage |
| | D) | technology advantage |
| | E) | none of the above |
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14
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Henderson and Clark (1990) highlight how the dominant organizational design incorporates a range of choices about the design that are not revisited in every subsequent design. This is termed |
| | A) | architectural knowledge |
| | B) | dominant design |
| | C) | organizational design |
| | D) | business architecture |
| | E) | none of the above |
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15
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According to Spender, (1996) there are 4 types of organizational knowledge. These are: |
| | A) | conscious, objectified, automatic and collective |
| | B) | group, individual, organizational and one to one |
| | C) | tacit, explicit, tangible and intangible |
| | D) | past, present, experiential, potential |
| | E) | none of the above |
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