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| 1 | |
A perception of oneself as either masculine or feminine, and having the characteristics appropriate to that gender, is called |
| | A) | gender typing |
| | B) | gender role |
| | C) | gender identity |
| | D) | gender stability |
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| 2 | |
Gender role standards have been shown to shape behaviour differences in boys and girls beginning in |
| | A) | infancy |
| | B) | preschool |
| | C) | elementary school |
| | D) | middle school |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is a myth about gender differences? |
| | A) | From a very young age, girls and boys differ in self-esteem. |
| | B) | At birth, girls are physically and neurologically more advanced. |
| | C) | From infancy through the early school years, girls display superior verbal abilities. |
| | D) | In early social play, boys are more often physically aggressive. |
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| 4 | |
As they grow older, men tend to become more |
| | A) | instrumental |
| | B) | task-oriented |
| | C) | expressive |
| | D) | independent |
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| 5 | |
Male superiority in math is generally restricted to performance in |
| | A) | geometry |
| | B) | computational skills |
| | C) | algebra |
| | D) | basic math knowledge |
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| 6 | |
Sara believes that when her brother puts his hair in a ponytail and starts cooking, he is no longer a boy. Sara has not yet reached Kohlberg's stage of |
| | A) | gender conformity |
| | B) | gender stability |
| | C) | gender constancy |
| | D) | gender identity |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following pictures is a gender-schematic child most likely to distort during recall? |
| | A) | a boy playing with a doll |
| | B) | a boy playing with a toy train |
| | C) | a girl playing with a tea set |
| | D) | a girl playing with a doll |
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| 8 | |
Gender labelling is sufficient to affect gender-typed activity preferences, a finding that supports |
| | A) | gender-schema theorists |
| | B) | Kohlberg's concept of gender constancy |
| | C) | Kolhberg's concept of gender stability |
| | D) | neither gender schema nor Kohlberg's cognitive developmental theory |
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| 9 | |
The process of using behavioural and physical cues to form gender roles is critical to the |
| | A) | psychoanalytic theory |
| | B) | cognitive social theory |
| | C) | gender schema theory |
| | D) | cognitive developmental theory |
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| 10 | |
Much of the gender-based differences in treatment children receive from their parents seems to be related to |
| | A) | physical activity |
| | B) | achievement |
| | C) | interpersonal skills |
| | D) | assertiveness |
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| 11 | |
Research suggests a relationship between father absence and female sexual risk-taking. Girls in homes without a father view male parental investment in families as unreliable according to the |
| | A) | social learning model |
| | B) | cognitive development theory |
| | C) | evolutionary perspective |
| | D) | gender schema perspective |
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| 12 | |
Peers become bigger influences on children’s notions of gender as they get older, and this may be influenced by and in turn influence: |
| | A) | the formation and maintenance of same-sex group preferences |
| | B) | how children play |
| | C) | what behaviours children display |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 13 | |
Teachers, regardless of their gender, tend to prefer |
| | A) | female-typical behaviours |
| | B) | male-typical behaviours |
| | C) | assertive behaviours |
| | D) | cross-gendered behaviours |
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| 14 | |
Androgyny refers to |
| | A) | males and females who engage in cross-dressing. |
| | B) | individuals with both male and female genitalia. |
| | C) | people who possess both masculine and feminine characteristics. |
| | D) | people who possess only characteristics associated with the other gender. |
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| 15 | |
The idea that children’s attitudes are simply a reflection of their social environment is key to: |
| | A) | Aboud's theory of ethnicity |
| | B) | Nesdale's social identity theory |
| | C) | social reflection theories |
| | D) | None of the above |
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