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| 1 | |
Which of the following is NOT a common change in the brain associated with old age? |
| | A) | brain shrinking |
| | B) | loss of neuron connections |
| | C) | decreased electrical activity |
| | D) | decreased plasticity |
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| 2 | |
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? |
| | A) | Older adults’ brains may compensate for loss of neurones in one area by finding an alternative process or pathway that leads to the same cognitive function |
| | B) | Compensation may operate by increasing brain specialization |
| | C) | Compensation may lead more brain areas to be activated in response to a particular stimuli in older than younger adults |
| | D) | Higher performing older adults show less asymmetry in prefrontal cortex activity compared to low performers |
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| 3 | |
Which is the best description of primary and secondary ageing? |
| | A) | Primary ageing is caused by diet, secondary ageing is caused by accidents |
| | B) | Primary ageing can be reduced by improved medical care but secondary ageing cannot. |
| | C) | Primary ageing is gradual while secondary ageing can be abrupt |
| | D) | Primary ageing is gradual deterioration of mental abilities while secondary deterioration is gradual deterioration of physical abilities. |
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| 4 | |
Which is the best definition of crystallized and fluid intelligence? |
| | A) | Crystallized intelligence increases over the lifespan, fluid does not |
| | B) | Crystallized and fluid intelligence are qualitatively different concepts |
| | C) | Crystallized intelligence increases over the lifespan, fluid decreases |
| | D) | Crystallized intelligence is influenced by education, fluid is not influenced by education |
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| 5 | |
Schaie (1977) proposed that it was important to consider how information was used at each stage of development. Which of the following statements about his model is CORRECT? |
| | A) | In middle adulthood knowledge is used to achieve long term goals. |
| | B) | In childhood knowledge is used to achieve social goals. |
| | C) | In early adulthood knowledge is used to care for one’s family |
| | D) | In late adulthood knowledge is used to examine one’s contribution to society |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following types of memory declines markedly with age in late adulthood? |
| | A) | episodic |
| | B) | semantic |
| | C) | autobiographical |
| | D) | procedural |
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| 7 | |
In their study of 3700 men born in Japan between 1900 and 1919, White et al. (1996) found that: |
| | A) | Genetic factors were unimportant in rates of onset of Alzheimers disease |
| | B) | There was no difference in levels of Alzheimer's between those who had lived in Japan and those who had lived in US for most of their adult lives |
| | C) | 5.4% of those who had lived in Japan had Alzheimer's disease compared with 1.5% who had lived in US for most of their adult lives |
| | D) | 5.4% of those who had lived in US for most of their adult lives had Alzheimer's disease compared with 1.5% who had lived in Japan |
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| 8 | |
Which of the following is NOT an example of selective optimization with compensation? |
| | A) | An elderly woman writing a shopping list |
| | B) | An elderly man pinning his shopping list to the front door. |
| | C) | An elderly woman saying a phone number repeatedly as she goes to the next room to dial it |
| | D) | An elderly man asking his daughter to write his shopping list |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following statements about happiness and ageing is CORRECT? |
| | A) | as people age they become happier |
| | B) | women are happier than men at all ages |
| | C) | men are happier than women at all ages |
| | D) | those who are more intelligent are less happy at all ages |
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| 10 | |
According to Sternberg’s popular triangular theory of love |
| | A) | Romantic love is love with intimacy and commitment |
| | B) | Fatuous love is love with passion and commitment |
| | C) | Compassionate love is love with passion and commitment |
| | D) | Romantic love is love with passion and commitment |
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| 11 | |
Forster, Epscude and Ozelsel (2009) found that: |
| | A) | Those who thought about love performed better on a logic task than those who thought about sex |
| | B) | Those who thought about love used more abstract patterns of thinking than those who thought about sex |
| | C) | Those who thought about love performed worse on a creative task than those who thought about sex |
| | D) | Those who thought about love focused more on specific details of a problem |
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| 12 | |
Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about grandparenting? |
| | A) | A50% of grandparents showed a compassionate relationship with their offspring |
| | B) | 1/3 of grandparents had a remote relationship with their offspring |
| | C) | Grandparents benefit more than their children and their grandchildren from being involved in their extended family |
| | D) | Grandparents provide practical and emotional support to their children and grandchildren |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following statements about Kubler-Ross’s Stages of Dying is CORRECT? |
| | A) | Individuals go through stages in the following order: denial, bargaining, anger, depression and acceptance |
| | B) | The theory takes into account the emotional support of others |
| | C) | This pattern is seen in all cultures |
| | D) | Individuals who are dying will always experience at least two of the stages |
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| 14 | |
According to Rowe and Kahn (1998) what are the characteristics of the successful ager? |
| | A) | Absence of disease, maintaining high cognitive and physical functioning, engagement with life |
| | B) | Absence of disease, maintaining high cognitive functioning, maintaining high physical functioning |
| | C) | Good social relationships |
| | D) | Maintaining cognitive and physical functioning |
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| 15 | |
In Duvall's (1962) Role Theory, the stage when the oldest child leaves the family home is known as the: |
| | A) | critical phase |
| | B) | empty nest stage |
| | C) | launching centre phase |
| | D) | lift off phase |
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