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| 1 | |
Jessica looked at her mother's face and said, "Are you my mother?" Jessica is suffering from a rare disorder known as: |
| | A) | plastisoma. |
| | B) | retinitis pigmentosa. |
| | C) | acute sensory overload. |
| | D) | prosopagnosia. |
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| 2 | |
Lisa received a(n) __________ of pain when she whacked her knee on a corner of the coffee table. Her __________ of the pain caused her to yell out, rub her knee, and hop around. |
| | A) | alarm; demonstration |
| | B) | just noticeable difference; threshold |
| | C) | sensation; perception |
| | D) | motivation; emotion |
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| 3 | |
Human sensory capabilities go well beyond the five basic senses; we are sensitive not merely to touch, but to a considerably wider set of stimuli. Which of the following is not one of those senses? |
| | A) | pain |
| | B) | pressure |
| | C) | supraliminal audio |
| | D) | temperature |
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| 4 | |
John was sitting in the library about 20 feet from David. John was irritated because he could hear David's watch ticking. He then moved from his first seat to a second seat a few seats away from David and could no longer hear the ticking. When John heard the ticking while sitting in his first seat, he was probably at his __________ for sound. |
| | A) | absolute threshold |
| | B) | difference threshold |
| | C) | just noticeable difference |
| | D) | noise level |
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| 5 | |
__________ is the study of the relationship between the physical aspects of stimuli (sensations) and our psychological experience of them. |
| | A) | Psychophysics |
| | B) | Gestalt psychology |
| | C) | Biofeedback |
| | D) | Subliminal perception |
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| 6 | |
Weber's law predicts: |
| | A) | that it is easier to identify differences in visual stimuli than auditory stimuli. |
| | B) | that a just noticeable difference is a constant proportion of the intensity of an initial stimulus. |
| | C) | that we are more likely to hear a telephone ringing than notice a flashing red light. |
| | D) | the Moon effect. |
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| 7 | |
When Robert jumped into the pool he nearly jumped out of his Speedo because the water was so cold. After a while, the water temperature seemed almost like a warm bathtub. This is an example of: |
| | A) | sensory overload. |
| | B) | extrasensory perception. |
| | C) | sensory adaptation. |
| | D) | sensory stimulation. |
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| 8 | |
While the eye often is likened to a camera, the processing of a visual image in the brain is more reflective of a(n) __________ than a camera. |
| | A) | VCR |
| | B) | computer |
| | C) | digital recorder |
| | D) | LED monitor |
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| 9 | |
The size of the pupil opening depends on the amount of light in the environment. The dimmer the surroundings, the more the pupil: |
| | A) | widens. |
| | B) | closes. |
| | C) | retracts behind the cornea. |
| | D) | becomes elliptical. |
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| 10 | |
Rods and cones are involved in the adjustment to different levels of light. Which occurs most quickly? |
| | A) | dark adaptation (to dimmer light) |
| | B) | light adaptation (to brighter light) |
| | C) | bipolar adaptation (to both bright and dim light) |
| | D) | colored light adaptation |
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| 11 | |
Tom gropes his way down the aisle of the dark movie theater. After tripping over the feet of several patrons, he gratefully falls into an empty seat. After a short while, he can distinguish people a few rows in front and back of him. A short while later, he sees a man kissing his girlfriend in the back row. Tom has experienced the phenomenon known as: |
| | A) | light adaptation. |
| | B) | dark adaptation. |
| | C) | peripheral adaptation. |
| | D) | accommodation. |
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| 12 | |
_________ is the phenomenon of adjusting to bright light after exposure to dim light. |
| | A) | Dark adaptation |
| | B) | Light adaptation |
| | C) | Sensory deprivation |
| | D) | Feature detection |
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| 13 | |
The _______ collect(s) and summarize visual information, which is then sent to the brain through the optic nerve. |
| | A) | rods |
| | B) | bipolar cells |
| | C) | ganglion cells |
| | D) | blind spot |
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| 14 | |
Amanda was sitting quietly in her recliner when she saw out of the corner of her eye her little brother trying to sneak up on her to scare her. Amanda then turned to her side and scared her brother. Amanda's ability to see her brother is caused by: |
| | A) | peripheral vision. |
| | B) | night vision. |
| | C) | accommodation. |
| | D) | adaptation. |
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| 15 | |
Denise stared at a picture of the American flag that was green, black, and yellow for about a minute. Then, she looked at a white piece of paper and saw the red, white, and blue flag. The theory of color vision that best explains this phenomenon is: |
| | A) | trichromatic theory of color vision. |
| | B) | opponents-process theory of color vision. |
| | C) | Young-Helmholtz theory of color vision. |
| | D) | Weber-Wertheimer theory of color vision. |
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| 16 | |
Sounds arriving at the outer ear are funneled into the: |
| | A) | oval window. |
| | B) | semicircular canals. |
| | C) | eardrum. |
| | D) | auditory canal. |
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| 17 | |
Sounds affect different areas of the basilar membrane depending on the frequency of the sound wave. This finding has led to the __________ theory, which says that different areas of the basilar membrane respond to different frequencies. |
| | A) | place |
| | B) | opponent process |
| | C) | frequency |
| | D) | voice recognition |
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| 18 | |
The pull on our bodies caused by the acceleration of forward, backward, or up-and-down motion, as well as the constant pull of gravity, is sensed by the otoliths, which are tiny, motion-sensitive crystals located in the: |
| | A) | cochlea. |
| | B) | basilar membrane. |
| | C) | semicircular canals. |
| | D) | wave cycles. |
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| 19 | |
The sense of smell is called: |
| | A) | epithelium. |
| | B) | olfaction. |
| | C) | umami. |
| | D) | gestation. |
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| 20 | |
The sense of taste involves receptor cells that respond to only four basic stimulus qualities, but there also may be a fifth stimulus category, known as ________, which is a flavor involving food stimuli with amino acids. |
| | A) | fatty |
| | B) | pungent |
| | C) | umami |
| | D) | arigato |
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| 21 | |
Pain is a response to _________ stimuli. |
| | A) | hot and cold |
| | B) | rough and irregular |
| | C) | loud and bright |
| | D) | a great variety of different kinds of stimuli |
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| 22 | |
Jim hurt his arm when he bumped into the corner of a piece of furniture. He started to rub his arm around the contact spot and soon the pain seemed to lessen. Jim's experience regarding the lessening of the pain can be explained by: |
| | A) | acupuncture theory. |
| | B) | shiatsu theory. |
| | C) | sensory overload theory. |
| | D) | gate control theory. |
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| 23 | |
Someone suffering from chronic pain might use the following strategy to fight the pain: |
| | A) | nerve and brain stimulation. |
| | B) | light therapy. |
| | C) | cognitive restructuring. |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 24 | |
The overriding gestalt principle is: |
| | A) | closure. |
| | B) | similarity. |
| | C) | proximity. |
| | D) | simplicity. |
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| 25 | |
When Megan uses her TV's remote control to channel search back and forth between two programs, she will miss parts of each program. However, she may not really notice having missed certain parts of the programs if she is able to guess what she missed from the parts she already has seen. Filling in the missing parts is known as __________ in gestalt psychology. |
| | A) | closure |
| | B) | similarity |
| | C) | proximity |
| | D) | simplicity |
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| 26 | |
Top-down processing is illustrated by the importance of __________ in determining how we perceive objects. |
| | A) | context |
| | B) | figure |
| | C) | features |
| | D) | shape |
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| 27 | |
Processing that begins with individual components and ends with the perception of the whole is called: |
| | A) | top-down processing. |
| | B) | bottom-up processing. |
| | C) | vertical processing. |
| | D) | higher-order processing. |
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| 28 | |
The ability to view the world in three dimensions and to perceive distance—a skill known as depth perception—is largely a result of: |
| | A) | the principle of figure-ground. |
| | B) | the application of feature analysis. |
| | C) | binocular disparity. |
| | D) | distance alone. |
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| 29 | |
Which of the following is not true of illusions? |
| | A) | Most explanations for visual illusions concentrate either on the physical operation of the eye or on our misinterpretation of the visual stimulus. |
| | B) | Illusions can determine how buildings are designed. |
| | C) | Illusions are universally perceived. |
| | D) | All of these statements are true. |
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| 30 | |
The tendency for the environment to be perceived as remaining the same even with changes in sensory input is called: |
| | A) | the constancy of expectation. |
| | B) | perceptual affinity. |
| | C) | perceptual expectation. |
| | D) | perceptual constancy. |
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