BSCS Biology: A Molecular Approach

Chapter 3: Exchanging Materials with the Environment

Chapter Test

1.
Which of the following is a difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
A)Only the cells of autotrophs require water for life processes.
B)The cells of heterotrophs bring in carbon dioxide to build food molecules.
C)The cells of autotrophs bring in carbon dioxide to build food molecules.
D)Only the cells of heterotrophs require water for life processes.
2.
What are the components of cell membranes?
A)phospholipids and carbohydrates
B)proteins and carbohydrates
C)amino acids and proteins
D)phospholipids and proteins
3.
How does selective permeability relate to the cell membrane?
A)The cell membrane allows all molecular substances to pass through.
B)The cell membrane regulates substances entering and exiting the cell.
C)The cell membrane reacts to chemicals outside the cell and responds with chemical messages to other cells.
D)The cell membrane's chemical makeup is based on a complex and selective chemical hierarchy.
4.
Which of the following is true?
A)Molecules tend to move toward areas of less concentration, which eventually results in molecules being evenly distributed.
B)The random movement of molecules during diffusion stops when equilibrium is reached.
C)Molecules move constantly until they are fully diffused and reach a point of entropy.
D)When equilibrium is reached, the concentration is more organized than when a concentration difference was present.
5.
What happens if an animal cell is left in pure water?
A)It floats.
B)It shrinks.
C)It swells and may burst.
D)Turgor is exerted on the cell wall.
6.
What is the distinction between passive and active transport?
A)No chemical reaction is needed for passive transport.
B)No diffusion results from active transport.
C)No energy is needed for active transport.
D)No energy is needed for passive transport.
7.
Which active transport mechanism is demonstrated on the left side of the figure?

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A)exocytosis
B)endocytosis
C)gas exchange
D)cytosis
8.
Why is a gill's structure an efficient means of gas exchange?
A)because they have a large surface area that takes in oxygen and excretes carbon dioxide
B)because the blood moves slowly through the gill
C)because water and blood circulate in the same direction through the gills
D)because bony supports hold back the flow of water until all the oxygen has diffused from it
9.
Human lungs are an adaptation to life on land because
A)their surface area is large.
B)their surface area is protected from excess evaporation.
C)without a gas-exchange organ humans could not breath air.
D)they provide direct exposure to air.
10.
Which of the following is not a function of nephrons?
A)reabsorption
B)filtration
C)transpiration
D)secretion
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