| Adi Granth
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"Original collection"; the primary scripture of the Sikhs.
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| ahimsa
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The idea in Buddhism and Jainism that emphasizes nonharm and nonviolence.
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| ajiva
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Matter without soul or life.
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| Digambara
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"Clothed in ski"; a member of the Jain sect in which monks ideally do not wear clothing.
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| gurdwara
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A Sikh temple.
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| guru
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A spiritual teacher.
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| hylozoism
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The belief that all physical matter has life and feeling.
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| Japji
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A poem by Guru Nanak that begins the Adi Granth; the poem is recited daily by pious Sikhs.
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| jina
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"Conqueror"; the Jain term for a perfected person who will not be reborn.
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| jiva
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Spirit, soul, which enlivens matter.
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| Khalsa
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The community of initiated Sikhs; also any true Sikh.
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| Mahavira
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The most recent tirthankara who is considered to be the greatest of them all and is often thought of by outsiders to be the founder of Jainism.
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| Nanak
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The founder of Sikhism
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| puja
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In Jainism, ritual in honor of the tirthankara.
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| Punjab
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The area of northwest India and eastern Pakistan where Sikhism originated.
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| sallenkhana
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"Holy Death"; death or deity by self-starvation, valued in Jainism as a noble end of a long life of virtue and detachment.
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| Shvetambara
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"Clothed in white"; a member of the Jain sect in which monks and nuns where white clothing.
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| Sikh
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"Disciple"; a follower of the Sikh religion.
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| Sthanakavasi
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"Building person"; a member of the Jain sect, that rejects the use of statues and temples.
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| Terapanthi
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A member of the newest Jain sect.
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| tirthankara
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"Crossing maker"; in Jainism, one of the twenty-four ideal human beings of the past, Mahavira being the most recent.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education