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Section 1: The Gas Laws

The Gas Laws

1.
The pressure of a sample of helium in a 1.0-L container is 0.857 atm. What is the new pressure if the sample is placed in a 0.5-L container? (Assume the temperature is constant.)
A)0.143 atm
B)0.429 atm
C)1.38 atm
D)1.71 atm
2.
A sample of gas is held in a 10.0-L volume at 175 kPa. The temperature is kept constant while the volume is decreased until the pressure is 350 kPa. What is the new volume of the gas?
A)1.0 L
B)5.0 L
C)10.0 L
D)175 L
3.
A 0.5-L container of nitrogen gas is heated under constant pressure to the boiling point of water. What is its new volume?
A)0.5 L
B)0.64 L
C)0.79 L
D)0.86 L
4.
How can gases be defined?
A)a physical state of matter that does not have a fixed shape or a fixed volume
B)a physical state of matter that does not have a fixed shape but has a fixed volume
C)a physical state of matter that has a fixed volume and a fixed shape
D)a chemical state of matter
5.
Particles of matter that are in constant, random motion and that have a size that is much smaller than the distance between them are _____________.
A)solids
B)liquids
C)gases
D)solutions
6.
What is the name given to the relationship that shows that an increase in pressure leads to a decrease in the volume of a gas?
A)Charles’s law
B)Boyle’s law
C)Avogadro’s number
D)Gay-Lussac’s law
7.
How can the relationship between a gas at two sets of conditions be expressed mathematically by Boyle’s law?
A)P1V1 = P2V2
B)P1/V1 = P2/V2
C)V1/T1 = V2/T2
D)V1T1 = V2T2
8.
What relationship is demonstrated by the expansion of a gas—filled balloon when it is heated?
A)Charles’s law
B)Boyle’s law
C)Avogadro’s number
D)Gay-Lussac’s law
9.
A gas occupies a volume of 1.0 L at 1.0 atm pressure. What is the pressure when the gas expands to fill 2.0 L?
A)0.50 atm
B)2.0 atm
C)1.0 atm
D)10 atm
10.
A gas occupies a volume of 1.0 L at 25°C. What volume will the gas occupy at 100°C?
A)1.0 L
B)1.3 L
C)0.80 L
D)4.0 L
11.
A gas occupies 2.0 L at STP. What volume will the gas occupy if the pressure is increased to 2.0 atm, and the temperature is kept constant?
A)1.0 L
B)4.0 L
C)0.50 L
D)2.0 L
12.
A sample of helium occupies 2.20 L at 1.0 atm. What is the volume at 1.5 atm?
A)1.5 L
B)0.68 L
C)2.20 L
D)1.0 L
13.
When will the molecules of all samples of ideal gases have the same average kinetic energies?
A)at constant volume
B)at constant temperature
C)at constant amount
D)at constant pressure
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