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Section 1: Energy

Energy

1.
One calorie is equal to 4.184J. How much energy in joules is supplied by a breakfast bar containing 170 nutritional calories?
A)170 J
B)711 J
C)1.7 x 105 J
D)7.11 x 105 J
2.
The temperature of a 25.0 g sample of aluminum changed from 25°C to37°C when heated. How much energy was absorbed by the aluminum?

Specific Heats of Common Substances at 298 K (25°C)
Specific heat

Substance J/(g·°C)
Water(l)
(liquid)
4.184
Water(s)
(ice)
2.03
Water(g)
(steam)
2.01
Ethanol(l)
(grain alcohol)
2.44
Aluminum(s)
0.897
Granite(s)
0.803
Iron(s)
0.449
Lead(s)
0.129
Silver(s)
0.235
Gold(s)
0.129


A)10.8 J
B)22.4 J
C)269 J
D)334 J
3.
The temperature of a 2.5 kg sample of silver was heated from 25°C to 45°C. How much energy was absorbed by the silver?

Specific Heats of Common Substances at 298 K (25°C)
Specific heat

Substance J/(g·°C)
Water(l)
(liquid)
4.184
Water(s)
(ice)
2.03
Water(g)
(steam)
2.01
Ethanol(l)
(grain alcohol)
2.44
Aluminum(s)
0.897
Granite(s)
0.803
Iron(s)
0.449
Lead(s)
0.129
Silver(s)
0.235
Gold(s)
0.129


A)12 J
B)118 J
C)1.2 x 104 J
D)2.6 x 104 J
4.
A body in motion possesses kinetic energy because of its __________.
A)position
B)composition
C)motion
D)inertia
5.
If 5.0 grams of copper cools from 35.0°C to 22.6°C and loses 23.6 joules of heat, what is the specific heat of copper?
A)0.076 J/(g·°C)
B)3.8 x 102 J/(g·°C)
C)0.38 J/(g·°C)
D)0.62 J/(g·°C)
6.
The specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/(g·°C). How many joules of heat are absorbed by 30.0 g of aluminum if it is heated from 20.0°C to 40.0°C?
A)540 J
B)270 J
C)812 J
D)1.14 x 104 J
7.
The same amount of heat is added to a 10-g sample of each of the following metals. If each metal is initially at 20.0°C, which metal will reach the highest temperature?
A)beryllium 1.82 J/(g·°C)
B)calcium 0.653 J/(g·°C)
C)copper 0.385 J/(g·°C)
D)gold 0.129 J/(g·°C)
8.
What is the final temperature of a mixture of chromium metal and water when 50.0 grams of chromium at 15°C (specific heat = 0.448 J/(g·°C)) is added to 25 mL of water (specific heat = 4.18 J/(g·°C)) at 45°C? The density of water is 1 g/mL.
A)25°C
B)30°C
C)35°C
D)40°C
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