(See related pages)
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| Cultural values | widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. (See page(s) 43) |
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| Culture | the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society. (See page(s) 42) |
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| Demographics | describe a population in terms of its size, structure, and distribution. (See page(s) 65) |
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| Environment-oriented values | prescribe a society’s relationship to its economic and technical as well as its physical environment. (See page(s) 45) |
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| Guanxi | literally translated as personal connections/relationships on which an individual can draw to secure resources or advantages when doing business as well as in the course of social life. (See page(s) 61) |
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| Instrumental materialism | the acquisition of things to enable one to do something. (See page(s) 53) |
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| Monochronic time perspective | time is seen almost as a physical object: it can be scheduled, wasted, lost, and so forth. Followers of this perspective have a strong orientation toward the present and the short-term future. (See page(s) 56) |
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| Nonverbal communication systems | the arbitrary meanings a culture assigns actions, events, and things other than words. (See page(s) 56) |
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| Norms | the boundaries that culture sets on behaviors in specific situations. (See page(s) 43) |
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| Other-oriented values | reflect a society’s view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society. (See page(s) 45) |
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| Personal space | the nearest others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable. (See page(s) 59) |
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| Polychronic time perspective | people and relationships take priority over schedules, and activities occur at their own pace rather than according to a predetermined timetable. Followers of this perspective have an orientation toward the present and the past. (See page(s) 57) |
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| Power distance | the degree to which people accept inequality in power, authority, status, and wealth as natural or inherent in society. (See page(s) 50) |
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| Purchasing power parity (PPP) | based on the cost in U.S. dollars of a standard market basket of products bought in each country. (See page(s) 66) |
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| Sanctions | penalties ranging from mild social disapproval to banishment from the group. (See page(s) 43) |
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| Self-oriented values | reflect the objectives and approaches to life that the individual members of society find desirable. (See page(s) 45) |
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| Terminal materialism | the acquisition of items for the sake of owning the item itself. (See page(s) 53) |
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| Verbal communication systems | languages. (See page(s) 55) |