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1 | |
The study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological difficulties is |
| | A) | psychotherapy. |
| | B) | psychopathology. |
| | C) | psychoanalysis. |
| | D) | clinical psychology. |
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2 | |
According to the text, clinicians may continue to have confidence in ambiguous tests because of the |
| | A) | humanistic effect. |
| | B) | competitiveness phenomenon. |
| | C) | illusory correlation. |
| | D) | inoculation effect. |
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3 | |
According to the text, which of the following is accurate? |
| | A) | Clinical psychologists are more susceptible to illusory thinking than social psychologists. |
| | B) | Behaviors of people undergoing psychotherapy come to fit the theories of their therapists. |
| | C) | People who seek out therapy want to hear negative things about themselves. |
| | D) | Projective tests actually give more useful information than objective tests. |
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4 | |
Which of the following is not true according to Maddux? Professional clinicians |
| | A) | often underestimate the predictive powers of their clinical intuition. |
| | B) | are frequently the victims of illusory correlation. |
| | C) | are too readily convinced of their own after-the-fact analyses. |
| | D) | often fail to appreciate that erroneous diagnoses can be self-confirming. |
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5 | |
The tendency of mildly depressed people to make accurate rather than self-serving judgments is |
| | A) | the self-serving effect. |
| | B) | the depression phenomenon. |
| | C) | depressive realism. |
| | D) | the melancholy effect. |
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6 | |
One's habitual way of explaining life events is |
| | A) | explanatory style. |
| | B) | the explicative effect. |
| | C) | the justification phenomenon. |
| | D) | social style. |
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7 | |
In one study, _______ percent of people with high self-esteem and ______ percent of depressed people elected to see unfavorable feedback as opposed to favorable feedback. |
| | A) | 5, 67 |
| | B) | 25, 82 |
| | C) | 15, 42 |
| | D) | 35, 59 |
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8 | |
Which of the following is not true for lonely people? |
| | A) | trouble introducing themselves |
| | B) | have difficulty making phone calls |
| | C) | focus on external factors |
| | D) | find it hard to participate in groups |
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9 | |
Anderson and Harvey found that shyness is a form of |
| | A) | ego protection. |
| | B) | illusory control. |
| | C) | self-monitoring. |
| | D) | social anxiety. |
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10 | |
An interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge is |
| | A) | health psychology. |
| | B) | behavioral medicine. |
| | C) | psychiatry. |
| | D) | psychoanalytic medicine. |
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11 | |
A common presumption below has been proved false by studies of depression. |
| | A) | Depressed people are unrealistic. |
| | B) | Depressed people are positive thinkers. |
| | C) | More men than women suffer major depressive episodes. |
| | D) | Depressed mood has only a cognitive consequence. |
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12 | |
Seligman argues that the decline of religion and the family unit has contributed to an increase in |
| | A) | loneliness. |
| | B) | negative social interactions. |
| | C) | character disorders. |
| | D) | depression. |
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13 | |
According to the text, ______ personality is linked with heart disease. |
| | A) | anger-prone |
| | B) | type A |
| | C) | assertive |
| | D) | extroverted |
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14 | |
The best predictor of overall happiness is satisfaction with |
| | A) | work. |
| | B) | personal relationships. |
| | C) | income. |
| | D) | status. |
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15 | |
According to the text, an attitude of _______ is generally good for health. |
| | A) | humility |
| | B) | optimism |
| | C) | aggressiveness |
| | D) | competitiveness |
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16 | |
To depressed people, the explanatory style therapy tells them to |
| | A) | attribute their depression to circumstances. |
| | B) | avoid attribution error. |
| | C) | develop a more positive self-perception. |
| | D) | accept credit for their own successes. |
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17 | |
Keeping weight off after completing a weight-control program works best if |
| | A) | there are large rewards offered to reduce weight. |
| | B) | the participant credits his own effort. |
| | C) | there are large punishments for violating the rules of the program. |
| | D) | a therapist was involved in the program. |
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18 | |
The stress of a new job can best be handled by approaching it with a sense of |
| | A) | ambition and competitiveness. |
| | B) | humility and assertiveness. |
| | C) | control and optimism. |
| | D) | urgency and conscientiousness. |
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19 | |
If you want to be happy, what should you try to avoid? |
| | A) | becoming financially successful |
| | B) | savoring the moment |
| | C) | seeking work that engages your skills. |
| | D) | sleeping |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education