 |  A Child's World: Infancy through Adolescence, 9/e Diane E. Papalia,
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Sally Wendkos Olds
Ruth Duskin Feldman
Birth and the Newborn Baby
Learning Objectives
LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR SECTION I AND SECTION IIAfter reading and reviewing this section of Chapter 5, you should be able to do
the following.
Describe how childbirth has changed over time.
Describe what occurs during each of the four stages of childbirth.
Discuss considerations that should enter into a woman's decision whether
or not to have a medicated delivery.
State the principles of natural and prepared childbirth and briefly
describe the Lamaze method.
Discuss some common reasons for and risks of cesarean delivery.
Discuss considerations in choosing whether to give birth in a hospital,
at home, or in a birth center or maternity center, and in choosing attendance
by a physician or a midwife.
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| | | LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR SECTION IIIAfter reading and reviewing this section of Chapter 5, you should be able to
do the following.
Describe the typical size and appearance of a newborn and identify several
distinctive features that change during the neonatal period.
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| | | LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR SECTION IVAfter reading and reviewing this section of Chapter 5, you should be able to
do the following.
Explain the difference between preterm (premature) and small-for-date
infants and between low birthweight and very low birthweight.
Name four types of factors that put women at risk of bearing low-birthweight
babies, and give an example of each type.
Compare low-birthweight rates in the United States with those in other
countries and cite possible reasons for the high rates among African-Americans.
Identify consequences of low birthweight.
Describe methods of care and treatment of low-birthweight babies that
can improve their chances of survival.
Discuss the role of environmental factors in the long-term outlook for
children with low birthweight or other birth complications.
Identify considerations involved, when a baby is postmature, in deciding
whether to induce labor or deliver by the cesarean method.
Describe the typical process of grieving for a stillborn baby.
State reasons for using electronic fetal monitoring during childbirth
and drawbacks of its use.
Identify and describe three tests given to neonates to assess their
health or the normality of their responses or to identify babies with specific
correctable defects.
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| | | LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR SECTION VAfter reading and reviewing this section of Chapter 5, you should be able to
do the following.
Distinguish between the processes of bonding after birth that affect
animal and human babies.
Describe typical patterns of eating, sleeping, and waking in neonates,
tell how they change during infancy, and explain the developmental significance
of variations in these early patterns.
Suggest several methods of comforting a crying baby.
Identify two common patterns of change in marital relationships after
the birth of a baby, and compare the adjustment of adoptive parents with that
of biological parents.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education