| associative-link expectancy | A representation containing knowledge of the association of two events that occur together.
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| attributional style | a consistent way of explaining the outcomes of various situations
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| behavioral autonomy | A situation in which the continued reinforcement of a specific behavior leads to the occurrence of the response despite a devalued reinforcer.
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| behavior-reinforcer expectancy | a belief that a specific behavior causes the occurrance of a specific reinforcer
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| cognition | An understanding or knowledge of the structure of the psychological environment.
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| efficacy expectancy | A feeling that one can or cannot execute a particular behavior.
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| expectancy | A mental representation of event contingencies.
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| external attribution | A belief that events are beyond one's control.
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| global attribution | The assumption that a specific outcome will be repeated in many situations.
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| hopelessness | The belief that positive events will not occur or that negative events cannot be controlled.
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| hopelessness depression | A form of clinical depression that is produced by the belief that positive events will not occur or that negative events cannot be controlled.
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| internal attribution | The assumption that personal factors lead to a particular outcome.
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| irrelevant incentive effect | The acquisition of an excitatory link expectancy that a particular stimulus is associated with a specific reinforcer under an irrelevant drive state.
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| learned helplessness | The belief that events are independent of behavior and are uncontrollable, which results in emotional trauma as well as motivational and cognitive deficits.
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| modeling | The acquisition of behavior as a result of observing the experiences of others.
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| personal helplessness | A perceived incompetency that leads to failure and feelings of helplessness.
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| reinforcer devaluation effect | The association of a reinforcer with an aversive event, which reduces the behavioral control that reinforcer exerts.
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| response-outcome expectancy | The belief that a particular response leads to a specific consequence or outcome.
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| specific attribution | The belief that a particular outcome is limited to a specific situation.
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| stable attribution | The assumption that the factors that resulted in a particular outcome will not change.
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| stimulus-outcome expectancy | The belief that a particular consequence or outcome will follow a specific stimulus.
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| universal helplessness | A belief that environmental forces produce failure and result in helplessness.
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| unstable attribution | The belief that other factors may affect outcomes in the future.
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education