| associative models of memory | Models of memory as consisting of mental representations of clusters of interconnected information
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| autobiographical memories | Our recollections of circumstances and episodes from our own lives
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| chunk | A meaningful grouping of stimuli that can be stored as a unit in short-term memory
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| constructive processes | Processes in which memories are influenced by the meaning we give to events constructive_processes (136.0K)
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| decay | The loss of information in memory through its nonuse
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| declarative memory | Memory for factual information: names, faces, dates, and the like
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| echoic memory | Memory of auditory information coming from the earsechoic_memory (106.0K)
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| episodic memory | Memory for the biographical details of our individual livesepisodic_memory (114.0K)
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| explicit memory | Intentional or conscious recollection of information
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| flashbulb memories | Memories of a specific, important, or surprising event that are so vivid, they are like a snapshot of the event
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| iconic memory | Memory of information from our visual systemiconic_memory (89.0K)
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| implicit memory | Memories people are not consciously aware of, but that can affect their subsequent performance and behavior
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| interference | The phenomenon by which information in memory displaces or blocks out other information, preventing its recall
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| levels-of-processing theory | The theory of memory that emphasizes the degree to which new material is mentally analyzed
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| long-term memory | Memory that stores information on a relatively permanent basis, although it might be difficult to retrieve
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| memory | The process by which we encode, store, and retrieve information
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| memory trace | A physical change in the brain that occurs when new material is learned
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| priming | A phenomenon in which exposure to a word or concept (called a prime) later makes it easier to recall related information, even when one has no conscious memory of the word or concept
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| procedural memory | Memory for skills and habits, such as riding a bike or hitting a baseball, sometimes referred to as "nondeclarative memory"
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| rehearsal | The repetition of information that has entered short-term memory
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| schemas | Sets of cognitions about people and social experiences
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| semantic memory | Memory for general knowledge and facts about the world, as well as memory for the rules of logic that are used to deduce other factssemantic_memory (180.0K)
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| sensory memory | The initial, momentary storage of information, lasting only an instant
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| short-term memory | Memory that holds information for 15 to 25 seconds
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| tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon | The inability to recall information that one realizes one knows-a result of the difficulty of retrieving information from long-term memory
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| working memory | An active "workspace" in which information is retrieved and manipulated, and in which information is held through rehearsal
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