How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 5/e

Jack R. Fraenkel, San Francisco State University
Norman E. Wallen, San Francisco State University

Causal-Comparative Research

Learning Objectives

Studying this chapter should enable you to:

Explain what is meant by the term "causal-comparative research."

Describe briefly how causal comparative research is both similar to, yet different from both correlational and experimental research.

Identify and describe briefly the steps involved in conducting a causal-comparative study.

Draw a diagram of a design for a causal-comparative study.

Describe how data are collected in causal-comparative research.

Describe some of the threats to internal validity that exist in causal-comparative studies and discuss how to control for these threats.

Recognize a causal-comparative study when you come across one in the educational research literature.

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