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Thorne and Giesen Book Cover
Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, 4/e
Michael Thorne, Mississippi State University -- Mississippi State
Martin Giesen, Mississippi State University -- Mississippi State

The Frequency Distribution

Symbols and Formulas

SYMBOLS

SymbolStands For

Xa score
ffrequency of a score
Nsum of the frequencies, or total sample size
Cum fcumulative frequency

FORMULAS

Formula 3-1. Equation to convert frequencies into percentages

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f is the frequency or the number of times each score occurs; N is the number of observations or the sum of the frequency column in a frequency distribution.

Formula 3-2. Equation to convert cumulative frequencies to cumulative percentages

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Cum f stands for the cumulative frequency, which is the total number of observations up to and including the observations in the interval you're considering.