Read each question carefully and then select the best answer.
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1 | |
According to the text, the first step in persuasion is |
| | A) | knowing your subject matter. |
| | B) | planning your strategy. |
| | C) | understanding your listeners. |
| | D) | using a persuasion scale. |
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2 | |
Concerning efforts to persuade people who oppose your views, which one of the following reflects the advice given by the text? |
| | A) | Consider yourself defeated if you fail to win over all of them. |
| | B) | If persuasion fails, be content if you can move foes a few inches closer to your position. |
| | C) | For those you fail to win over, use biting sarcasm in order to shame them into a later capitulation. |
| | D) | Ignore the hard-core opponents. |
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3 | |
To build credibility, the text recommends all of the following strategies EXCEPT: |
| | A) | Show your open-mindedness. |
| | B) | Show common ground with the audience. |
| | C) | Be careful with facts and figures. |
| | D) | Boast of your special expertise. |
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4 | |
What term does the text use to refer to "unfair and unwarranted abuse or ridicule aimed at a person"? |
| | A) | cheap shot |
| | B) | bluster |
| | C) | derogation |
| | D) | insult |
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5 | |
Which definition matches the term "deduction"? |
| | A) | reasoning from specific evidence to a general conclusion |
| | B) | reasoning from a generalization to a specific conclusion |
| | C) | reasoning from a vivid personal narrative |
| | D) | reasoning from a variety of evidence |
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6 | |
Which definition matches the term "induction"? |
| | A) | reasoning from specific evidence to a general conclusion |
| | B) | reasoning from a generalization to a specific conclusion |
| | C) | reasoning from a vivid personal narrative |
| | D) | reasoning from a variety of evidence |
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7 | |
What is the term for a deductive scheme consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion? |
| | A) | deductive chain |
| | B) | hypothetical scenario |
| | C) | logical system |
| | D) | syllogism |
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8 | |
When scientists note that the average temperature is rising each year in Sydney, Cairo, Tokyo, and other major cities, they conclude that the entire globe is warming up. Which form of reasoning are they using? |
| | A) | deductive |
| | B) | inductive |
| | C) | emotional |
| | D) | narrative |
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9 | |
"My cousin Susan was a history major, and she couldn't get a job that paid much money in her field. My friend Larry was an English major, and he had trouble finding a well-paying job in any field. It looks like a humanities major is a ticket to bad jobs." The speaker is using which one of the following fallacies in reasoning? |
| | A) | straw man |
| | B) | building on an unproven assumption |
| | C) | hasty generalization |
| | D) | false analogy |
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10 | |
"People who don't like violent scenes on television would like to outlaw all TV violence. That would mean, of course, that Monday Night Football would be banned. The nightly news would no longer be able to cover wars." Which one of the following types of fallacies is the speaker using? |
| | A) | straw man |
| | B) | either-or |
| | C) | false cause |
| | D) | false analogy |
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11 | |
"Joe is a 19-year-old college student—young and immature. How can we possibly believe anything he says about changing the college curriculum?" Which one of the following fallacies is the speaker using? |
| | A) | attack on a person |
| | B) | building on an unproven assumption |
| | C) | hasty generalization |
| | D) | false analogy |
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12 | |
"We can choose whether to continue polluting our air and water, or to live without energy." Which one of the following fallacies is the speaker using? |
| | A) | straw man |
| | B) | building on an unproven assumption |
| | C) | either-or |
| | D) | false analogy |
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13 | |
"Since grades hurt self-esteem and promote unhealthy competition, they should be abolished in college classes." Which one of the following fallacies is the speaker using? |
| | A) | straw man |
| | B) | building on an unproven assumption |
| | C) | either-or |
| | D) | false analogy |
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14 | |
"Sometimes football players lose their cool and attack a referee. We shouldn't punish them because football is like war, and violence cannot always be easily turned off." Which fallacy is the speaker using? |
| | A) | hasty generalization |
| | B) | straw man |
| | C) | either-or |
| | D) | false analogy |
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15 | |
"People who live to 100 achieve this longevity through exercise and positive thinking." |
| | A) | building on an unproven assumption |
| | B) | either-or |
| | C) | false cause |
| | D) | straw man |
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