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Multiple Choice
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1

In the _____ model, events cause illness, but personality makes people more or less vulnerable to events.
A)health behavior
B)interactional
C)transactional
D)predisposition
2

Stress is most determined by
A)whether or not a stressful event occurs.
B)how people appraise stressful events.
C)how ill a person is.
D)time of day.
3

The gap between actual health problems and self-reports of symptoms is more of a concern for the
A)health behavior model.
B)interactional model.
C)transactional model.
D)illness behavior model.
4

Which of the following is not a step in Selye's general adaptation syndrome?
A)Appraisal
B)Alarm
C)Stage of resistance
D)Stage of exhaustion
5

The major source of stress for most people is
A)married life.
B)daily hassles.
C)the death of loved ones.
D)changes in sleeping habits.
6

According to Lazarus, secondary appraisal involves
A)viewing bad events as internal, stable, and global.
B)the fight or flight response.
C)concluding that you do not have the resources to cope with a threat.
D)perceiving an event as a threat to your goals.
7

In a study of caregivers to people dying of AIDS, the people who saw the situation as an opportunity for growth were engaging in
A)problem-focused coping.
B)positive reappraisal.
C)creating positive events.
D)disclosure.
8

Optimists (compared to pessimists) tend to
A)live longer.
B)engage in more healthy behaviors.
C)engage in less healthy behaviors due to an optimistic bias.
D)live longer and engage in more healthy behaviors.
9

People who chronically keep their negative emotions to themselves
A)are happier.
B)have higher mortality rates.
C)experience less arousal in the sympathetic nervous system.
D)have lower mortality rates.
10

The personality characteristic most associated with heart disease is
A)hostility.
B)Type A personality.
C)pessimism.
D)self-efficacy.





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