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Multiple Choice
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1
Which of the following is NOT A REASON WHY American philosophers were reluctant to accept Ayn Rand as a "fellow philosopher"?
A)because she wrote novels, she could not be a "fellow thinker"
B)because of gender bias
C)because of bias again Russian immigrants
D)because her conservative politics collided with the liberal thinkers of her time
2
When an individual thinks primary of his/her own advantage, this individual is following the concept of:
A)psychological egoism
B)altruism
C)utilitarianism
3
Traditionally, we, as humans, have acted so we are "playing it safe". This has been acceptable in society because:
A)people look after themselves by nature
B)we may receive the same treatment back from others
C)for peace and security, we agree to treat each other decently
D)A and B
E)all of the above
4
It is difficult to create an example that is contradictory to the theory of psychological egoism because:
A)falsification is not possible
B)doing what we want is selfish
C)difficulty determining the applicability of less selfish vs. more selfish
D)A and C
E)all of the above
5
Critics of psychological egoism believe that something becomes meaningless if it does not have an opposite. This is known as:
A)the straw man fallacy
B)ad hominen fallacy
C)the fallacy of suppressed correlative
D)bifurcation
6
Ethical egoism is an ethical theory, a normative theory, about:
A)how we ought to behave
B)the wrong way to behave
C)how to strengthen our opinion in order to convince others
D)none of the above
7
Which of the following is NOT a focus of ethical egoism?
A)the consequences of our actions
B)looking out for oneself
C)looking out for others
D)seeks long term gratification
E)we can treat others to our advantage as long as we think we can get away with it
8
Ancient philosophers coined assurance of the well-being of a community as:
A)communitarianism
B)communism
C)commutative
9
The concept that everyone should give up his or her own self-interest for others is known as:
A)egoism
B)psychological egoism
C)rational ethical egoism
D)altruism
10
If you believe that looking after the interests of others makes sense because overall everyone benefits from it, it is known as:
A)ethical egoism
B)reciprocal altruism
C)rational ethical egoism
D)altruism





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