 |
| 1 | |
All the organisms of a species found within a certain geographic region is known as a |
| | A) | population. |
| | B) | community. |
| | C) | hierarchy. |
| | D) | strain. |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
We know that wolves and dogs are of the same species because |
| | A) | these animals are physically so similar. |
| | B) | when they interbreed, they do produce viable and fertile offspring. |
| | C) | they do not maintain genetic separateness. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Local populations with distinct gene clusters are technically known as __________; when applied to specific disciplines, these groups are often called __________. |
| | A) | strains / subspecies or breeds |
| | B) | breeds / subspecies or local population |
| | C) | local population / strains or varieties |
| | D) | subspecies / strains or kinds |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Unless otherwise qualified, the term "gene pool" is usually used to refer to all of the genes of all of the organisms of the same |
| | A) | species. |
| | B) | local population. |
| | C) | geographic region. |
| | D) | race. |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
When discussing how common a particular form of a gene is compared to other forms, the most correct term to use is |
| | A) | gene frequency. |
| | B) | genetic diversity. |
| | C) | allele frequency. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Regarding the relationship between the frequency of an allele and its dominance or recessiveness, it is important to remember that in a given population |
| | A) | dominant traits occur more frequently. |
| | B) | recessive traits occur more frequently. |
| | C) | dominant and recessive traits occur with approximately equal frequency. |
| | D) | dominance or recessiveness and allele frequency are usually unrelated. |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
When discussing the biology of race, it is important to remember that |
| | A) | many "racial differences" are superficial and arbitrary. |
| | B) | it is often very difficult to differentiate between genetic and cultural differences. |
| | C) | racial variations are usually particularly valuable for survival in a local environment. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Small local population with distinct allele frequencies might be created by |
| | A) | small founding populations. |
| | B) | barriers to free movement. |
| | C) | selective environmental factors. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Which statement(s) is/are true about mutations? |
| | A) | Apparently all alleles for a particular trait originated as a result of a mutation. |
| | B) | Most mutations are either neutral or beneficial to the organism or to the species. |
| | C) | Mutations are usually induced by environmental pressures. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Which of the following statements is/are true? |
| | A) | Sexual reproduction tends to create new genes as well as new genetic combinations. |
| | B) | Migration of individuals from one local population to another tends to add to or subtract from the allelic frequency in a given population. |
| | C) | Domestic plants and animals have significantly increased genetic variety. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Population size is important because |
| | A) | the size of the population helps determine the effectiveness of any of the mechanisms involved in generating genetic variety. |
| | B) | the smaller the population, the greater the effect any genetic change will have. |
| | C) | the smaller the population, the less genetic variety it can contain. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
An individual organism produced asexually from another organism in such a way that it contains exactly the same genetic material as the parent is said to be a |
| | A) | hybrid. |
| | B) | clone. |
| | C) | homozygous mutant. |
| | D) | genetic variant. |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
In a monoculture |
| | A) | large areas are planted with a single crop. |
| | B) | the plants have been extremely specialized through selective breeding. |
| | C) | the population may be the result of hybridization or cloning. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
The frequency of a gene in a human population is most likely to be influenced by |
| | A) | genetic counseling. |
| | B) | cloning and hybridization. |
| | C) | non-random mating. |
| | D) | heterozygote superiority. |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
Eugenics laws |
| | A) | are/were designed to eliminate "bad" genes and propagate "good" genes. |
| | B) | overestimate the importance of genes and underestimate the importance of environment. |
| | C) | usually do not take into account the recessive nature of many alleles. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Which of the following would demonstrate the greatest genetic variety? |
| | A) | local population |
| | B) | hybrids |
| | C) | a species |
| | D) | clones |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
If every time two animals are crossed they produce offspring that cannot reproduce, the two animals |
| | A) | are members of the same species. |
| | B) | belong to two different subspecies. |
| | C) | are members of two different species. |
| | D) | are both sterile. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
If you wish to produce a large number of plants that have the same appearance, you should reproduce them |
| | A) | by making clones. |
| | B) | sexually. |
| | C) | as hybrids. |
| | D) | from seeds. |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
The migration of animals from one area to another may |
| | A) | result in new species. |
| | B) | result in extinction. |
| | C) | change the local gene pools. |
| | D) | result in fewer recessive alleles. |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
Eliminating a specific human genetic disease is difficult if not impossible because |
| | A) | most diseases are caused by dominant alleles. |
| | B) | mutation rates are high. |
| | C) | immigration introduces new alleles. |
| | D) | controlling reproductive behavior is difficult. |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Genetic variety can be added to a population by |
| | A) | mutations. |
| | B) | migration. |
| | C) | sexual reproduction. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
As a bird flies over a small remote island it defecates and drops seeds which later germinate. Plants from these seeds mature and reproduce sexually. After several generations 2000 decedents of these original plants live on the island. These decedents represent |
| | A) | a new species. |
| | B) | clones. |
| | C) | hybrids. |
| | D) | a local population. |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Which of the following is true concerning recessive alleles? |
| | A) | Recessive alleles are always present in a population at a lower frequency than dominant alleles. |
| | B) | Uncommon traits are the expression of recessive alleles and common traits are the expression of dominant alleles. |
| | C) | Beneficial traits are the expression of dominant alleles and deleterious traits are the expression of recessive alleles. |
| | D) | Recessive traits can be common or uncommon; beneficial or deleterious. |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
For a group of animals to belong to the same species they must |
| | A) | look alike. |
| | B) | live in the same geographic region. |
| | C) | have the ability to produce fertile offspring. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
In one human population the allele for blood type O comprises 95% of all alleles for blood type. This statement expresses the concept of |
| | A) | allele frequency. |
| | B) | gene pool. |
| | C) | local population. |
| | D) | eugenics. |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
Eugenics laws were unsuccessful because |
| | A) | the "human condition" is influenced by the environment as well as genes. |
| | B) | many genetic abnormalities are caused by recessive genes which are carried and "hidden" in heterozygous individuals. |
| | C) | most genetic conditions are not inherited in a simple dominant/recessive fashion. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Variety is to plant as ________ is to bacteria. |
| | A) | species |
| | B) | strain |
| | C) | race |
| | D) | clone |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
Which one of the following encourages the maintenance of local population? |
| | A) | migration |
| | B) | geographic barriers |
| | C) | mutations |
| | D) | hybrid crosses |
|
|
.