| aesthetics | A culture's sense of beauty and good taste
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| appropriate technology | The technology (advanced, intermediate, or primitive) that most closely fits the society using it
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| Asian religions | Primary ones: Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism (India); Confucianism and Taoism (China); and Shintoism (Japan)
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| associations | Social units based on age, gender, or common interest, not on kinship
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| boomerang effect | Situation in which technology sold to companies in another nation is used to produce goods to compete with those of the seller of the technology
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| bribes | Gifts or payments to induce the receiver to do something illegal for the giver
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| caste system | An aspect of Hinduism by which the entire society is divided into four groups (plus the outcasts) and each is assigned a certain class of work
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| Confucian work ethic | Drive toward hard work and thrift; similar to Protestant work ethic
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| culture | Sum total of beliefs, rules, techniques, institutions, and artifacts that characterize human populations
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| demonstration effect | Result of having seen others with desirable goods
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| ethnocentricity | Belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group (see the self-reference criterion in Chapter 1)
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| extended family | Family that includes blood relatives and relatives by marriage
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| extortion | Demand for payment to keep the receiver from causing harm to the payer
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| lingua franca | A foreign language used to communicate among a nation's diverse cultures that have diverse languages
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| material culture | All human-made objects; concerned with how people make things (technology) and who makes what and why (economics)
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| Protestant work ethic | Duty to glorify God by hard work and the practice of thrift
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| technological dualism | The side-by-side presence of technologically advanced and technologically primitive production systems
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| unspoken language | Nonverbal communication, such as gestures and body language
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