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| These questions are taken from the directed questions found in the margins of the chapter. After reading the chapter, you should be able to answer these questions: 4.1 Describe the functions of the three main parts of the neuron. 4.2 Discuss the chemical actions created by the neuron's resting and action potential. 4.3 Explain the importance of the myelin sheath. 4.4 Describe five important steps in neurotransmitter function. 4.5 Describe the roles played by acetylcholine and the consequences that occur when its functioning is disrupted. 4.6 Explain the agonist and antagonist functions that underlie the neural and behavioural effects of psychoactive drugs. 4.7 Discuss the three major types of neurons and their functions. 4.8 Explain the primary functions of the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system. 4.9 Describe the two main structures in the central nervous system. 4.10 Describe four methods used to study brain–behaviour relations. 4.11 Contrast the different uses for CAT scans, PET scans, and MRI procedures. 4.12 Explain the functions of the medulla, the pons, and the cerebellum. 4.13 Describe the roles played by the ascending and descending reticular formation. 4.14 Describe the structural characteristics of the thalamus and the hypothalamus. 4.15 Discuss the role of the hippocampus and amygdala in psychological function. 4.16 Describe the location and function of the four lobes of the brain. 4.17 Explain how the Wernicke's and Broca areas are involved in speech. 4.18 Describe the role of the frontal cortex in higher mental functions. 4.19 Define hemispheric lateralisation and discuss what functions are located in the left versus right hemispheres. 4.20 Describe the results of Sperry's split brain research. 4.21 Explain how age, environment, and behaviour play a role in neural plasticity. 4.22 Describe the ways in which neural function can be restored following damage to the brain. 4.23 Contrast the function of the endocrine system with the nervous system. 4.24 Outline the evidence that exists that the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems communicate and influence each other. |